Ateismo marxista-leninista

Nella filosofia marxista, l'ateismo marxista-leninista (o ateismo scientifico marxista-leninista) rappresenta l'elemento irreligioso e anticlericale del marxismo-leninismo, l'ideologia ufficiale di Stato dell'Unione Sovietica e in altri stati comunisti.^[1]^[2] Basato sulla concezione materialista dialettica del ruolo dell'umanità nella natura, l'ateismo marxista-leninista asserisce che la religione è l'oppio dei popoli, con lo scopo di promuovere l'accettazione passiva da parte di una persona della propria povertà e del suo sfruttamento come un modo di vivere normale della vita umana sulla Terra, con la speranza di una ricompensa dopo la morte; di conseguenza il marxismo-leninismo difende l'ateismo rispetto al credo religioso.^[1]^[3]

Per supportare tali premesse ideologiche, l'ateismo marxista-leninista spiega l'origine della fede religiosa e i metodi della critica scientifica alla religione.^[4] Le radici filosofiche dell'ateismo materialista si possono trovare nelle opere di Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770–1831), Ludwig Feuerbach (1804–1872), Karl Marx (1818–1883) e di Vladimir Lenin (1870–1924).^[5] Al contrario del marxismo sovietico, altre versioni della filosofia marxista non sono anti-religiose come la teologia della liberazione sviluppata dai marxisti latinoamericani.^[6]

^ ^a ^b Институт научного атеизма, Вопросы научного атеизма, Мысл, 1981.
«марксистско-ленинский атеизм всем своим содержанием «аправлен на развитие способностей личности. Религия лишает человека его собственного «я», раздваивает сознание, создает для него условия ...»
^ (EN) Michael Dillon, Religious Minorities and China (PDF), Minority Rights Group International, 2001.
^ (EN) Lenin, Socialism and Religion, in Novaja Žizn, n. 28, 3 dicembre 1905.
«Religion is one of the forms of spiritual oppression, which everywhere weighs down heavily upon the masses of the people, over-burdened by their perpetual work for others, by want and isolation [...] Those who toil and live in want all their lives are taught, by religion, to be submissive and patient while here on Earth, and to take comfort in the hope of a heavenly reward [...] Religion is opium for the people. Religion is a sort of spiritual booze, in which the slaves of capital drown their human image, their demand for a life more or less worthy of Man.”»
^ Thrower, p. 272

«As an integral part of the Marxist–Leninist world-view, ‘scientific atheism’ is grounded in the view of the world and of Man enshrined in dialectical [materialism] and historical materialism: The study of scientific atheism brings to light an integral part of the Marxist–Leninist world-view. Being a philosophical science, scientific atheism emanates from the basic tenets of dialectical and historical materialism, both in explaining the origin of religion, and its scientific criticism of [religion].»
^ Slovak Studies volume 21, The Slovak Institute in North America, p. 231.

«The origin of Marxist–Leninist atheism, as understood in the USSR, is linked with the development of the German philosophy of Hegel and Feuerbach.»
^ Richard L. Rubenstein e John K. Roth, The Politics of Latin American Liberation Theology, Washington Institute Press, 1988, ISBN 978-0-88702-040-7.
«There were, however, Marxist voices that pointed out the disadvantages of such antireligious policies.»

[:0-1] Институт научного атеизма, Вопросы научного атеизма, Мысл, 1981.
«марксистско-ленинский атеизм всем своим содержанием «аправлен на развитие способностей личности. Религия лишает человека его собственного «я», раздваивает сознание, создает для него условия ...»

[Dillon2001-2] (EN) Michael Dillon, Religious Minorities and China (PDF), Minority Rights Group International, 2001.

[3] (EN) Lenin, Socialism and Religion, in Novaja Žizn, n. 28, 3 dicembre 1905.
«Religion is one of the forms of spiritual oppression, which everywhere weighs down heavily upon the masses of the people, over-burdened by their perpetual work for others, by want and isolation [...] Those who toil and live in want all their lives are taught, by religion, to be submissive and patient while here on Earth, and to take comfort in the hope of a heavenly reward [...] Religion is opium for the people. Religion is a sort of spiritual booze, in which the slaves of capital drown their human image, their demand for a life more or less worthy of Man.”»

[4] Thrower, p. 272

«As an integral part of the Marxist–Leninist world-view, ‘scientific atheism’ is grounded in the view of the world and of Man enshrined in dialectical [materialism] and historical materialism: The study of scientific atheism brings to light an integral part of the Marxist–Leninist world-view. Being a philosophical science, scientific atheism emanates from the basic tenets of dialectical and historical materialism, both in explaining the origin of religion, and its scientific criticism of [religion].»

[5] Slovak Studies volume 21, The Slovak Institute in North America, p. 231.

«The origin of Marxist–Leninist atheism, as understood in the USSR, is linked with the development of the German philosophy of Hegel and Feuerbach.»

[6] Richard L. Rubenstein e John K. Roth, The Politics of Latin American Liberation Theology, Washington Institute Press, 1988, ISBN 978-0-88702-040-7.
«There were, however, Marxist voices that pointed out the disadvantages of such antireligious policies.»

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