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Architectura

View of Florence showing the dome, which dominates everything around it. It is octagonal in plan and ovoid in section. It has wide ribs rising to the apex with red tiles in between and a marble lantern on top.
Philippus Brunelleschi, tholum Cathedralis Florentiae aedificans, non solum cathedralem et urbem, sed etiam partes et statum architectorum convertit.[1][2]

Architectura (a Graeco ἀρχιτέκτων, ab ἀρχι- 'dux' + τέκτων 'creator, aedificator') est ars et scientia aedificiorum aliarumque structurarum destinandarum, designandarum, construendarum.[3] Opera architecturalia, formam aedificiorum habentia, saepe signa culturae et operis artis videntur. Identitas civilizationum historicarum saepe in earum exstantibus rebus gestis invenitur.[4]

Vitruvius docet:

Architecti est scientia pluribus disciplinis et variis eruditionibus ornata, cuius iudicio probantur omnia quae ab ceteris artibus perficiuntur opera. Ea nascitur ex fabrica et ratiocinatione. Fabrica est continuata ac trita usus meditatio ad propositum deformationis, quae manibus perficitur e materia, cuiuscumque generis opus est. Ratiocinatio autem est, quae res fabricatas sollertiae ac rationis proportione demonstrare atque explicare potest.—De arch. I 2.18 et sqq.
  1. ↑ Museo Galileo, Museum and Institute of History and Science, The Dome of Santa Maria del Fiore Formula:Webarchive.
  2. ↑ Giovanni Fanelli, Brunelleschi (Florentiae: Becocci, 1980), capitulum The Dome, 10–41.
  3. ↑ "architecture". Encyclopedia Britannica .
  4. ↑ Pace, Anthony (2004). "Tarxien". In Daniel Cilia. Malta before History: The World’s Oldest Free Standing Stone Architecture. Miranda Publishers. ISBN 978-9990985085 .

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