India

India (-ae, f.; Hindi भारत Bhārata), seu plenius Res Publica India (भारत गणराज्य Bhārata Gaṇarājya),^[1] est civitas sui iuris in Asia Meridiana sita, septima mundi civitas quod ad superficiem pertinet, ad numerum civium ex Iunio anni 2023 prima,^[2]^[3] et ex anno 1947, tempore suae libertatis constitutae, frequentissima orbis terrarum democratia.^[4]^[5]^[6]

India, definita ab Oceano Indico in meridie, Mari Arabico in occidente, et Sinu Bengaliensi in oriente, litus 7517 chiliometrorum longum habet.^[7] Attingit Pakistaniam in occidente^[8]; Sinas (provinciam Tibeticam), Nepaliam, et Butaniam in septentrionibus; et Bangladesham et Birmaniam in oriente. India est prope Sri Lancam, Insulas Maldivas, et Indonesiam in Oceano Indico.

Terra Civilizationis Vallis Indi et antiqua viarum mercatoriarum et vastorum imperiorum regio, subcontinens Indica diutissime agnitus est pro divitiis commercii et culturae suorum (Oldenburg 2007). Quattuor maiores orbis terrarum religiones—Hinduismus, Buddhismus, Iainismus, et Sikhismus—in India ortae sunt, cum Zoroastrianismus, Iudaismus, Christianitas, et Islam primo millennio advenirent et culturam regionis commutarent. Paulatim a Societate Britannica Indiae Orientalis adiuncta a saeculo duodevicensimo ineunte et colonizata a Regno Britanniarum a medio saeculo undevicensimo India facta est civitas libera anno 1947 post certamen pro libertate, quod a longe lateque diffusa recusatione non violenta designatum est.

India ex 1950 est respublica foederalis, quae in viginti octo civitatibus et septem territoriis sub parlamentaria democratiae systemate consistit. Maximarum mundi oeconomiarum eius oeconomia est duodecima rationibus permutationibus mercatoriis^(en) et quarta potestate potentia emptionis^(en). Oeconomicis post 1991 correctionibus effectum est, ut una ex eis, quae quam celerrime creverunt, mundi civitatibus exstitisset. Adhuc autem restant extrema paupertas,^[9] legendi scribendique imperitia, fames. Etiam religionum, linguarum, gentium multitudo societatis Indicae est. Terram habitant multae ferae in variis reservatis tutelaribus.

↑ – The Essential Desk Reference, Oxford University Press, 2002, p. 76, ISBN 978-0-19-512873-4 "Official name: Republic of India.";
–John Da Graça (2017), Heads of State and Government, Londinii: Macmillan Publishers, p. 421, ISBN 978-1-349-65771-1 "Official name: Republic of India; Bharat Ganarajya (Hindi)";
–Graham Rhind (2017), Global Sourcebook of Address Data Management: A Guide to Address Formats and Data in 194 Countries, Taylor & Francis, p. 302, ISBN 978-1-351-93326-1 "Official name: Republic of India; Bharat.";
–Bradnock, Robert W. (2015), The Routledge Atlas of South Asian Affairs, Routledge, p. 108, ISBN 978-1-317-40511-5 "Official name: English: Republic of India; Hindi:Bharat Ganarajya";
– Penguin Compact Atlas of the World, Penguin Group, 2012, p. 140, ISBN 978-0-7566-9859-1 "Official name: Republic of India";
– Merriam-Webster's Geographical Dictionary (tertia ed.), Merriam-Webster, 1997, pp. 515–516, ISBN 978-0-87779-546-9 "Officially, Republic of India";
– Complete Atlas of the World: The Definitive View of the Earth (3rd ed.), DK Publishing, 2016, p. 54, ISBN 978-1-4654-5528-4 "Official name: Republic of India";
– Worldwide Government Directory with Intergovernmental Organizations 2013, CQ Press, 2013, p. 726, ISBN 978-1-4522-9937-2 "India (Republic of India; Bharat Ganarajya)"
↑ Biswas, Soutik (1 Maii 2023). Most populous nation: Should India rejoice or panic?. . BBC News (British Broadcasting Corporation) .
↑ World Population Prospects 2022: Summary of Results. Novi Eboraci: United Nations Department of Social and Economic Affairs. 2022. pp. i .
↑ Cf. Metcalf (2006), p. 327: "Even though much remains to be done, especially in regard to eradicating poverty and securing effective structures of governance, India's achievements since independence in sustaining freedom and democracy have been singular among the world's new nations."
↑ Stein, Burton (2012), Arnold, David, ed., A History of India, The Blackwell History of the World Series (2 ed.), Wiley-Blackwell .
↑ Cf. Fisher (2018), pp. 184–185: "Since 1947, India's internal disputes over its national identity, while periodically bitter and occasionally punctuated by violence, have been largely managed with remarkable and sustained commitment to national unity and democracy."
↑ Kumar et al. 2006.
↑ Secundum Indiae administrationem, India finem commune cum Afgania habet quia India putat totam civitatem Jammu et Casmiria ad Indiam pertinere.
↑ Poverty estimates for 2004-05, Planning commission, Administratio Indiae, Martio 2007. Accessum 25 Augusti 2007.

[1] – The Essential Desk Reference, Oxford University Press, 2002, p. 76, ISBN 978-0-19-512873-4 "Official name: Republic of India.";
–John Da Graça (2017), Heads of State and Government, Londinii: Macmillan Publishers, p. 421, ISBN 978-1-349-65771-1 "Official name: Republic of India; Bharat Ganarajya (Hindi)";
–Graham Rhind (2017), Global Sourcebook of Address Data Management: A Guide to Address Formats and Data in 194 Countries, Taylor & Francis, p. 302, ISBN 978-1-351-93326-1 "Official name: Republic of India; Bharat.";
–Bradnock, Robert W. (2015), The Routledge Atlas of South Asian Affairs, Routledge, p. 108, ISBN 978-1-317-40511-5 "Official name: English: Republic of India; Hindi:Bharat Ganarajya";
– Penguin Compact Atlas of the World, Penguin Group, 2012, p. 140, ISBN 978-0-7566-9859-1 "Official name: Republic of India";
– Merriam-Webster's Geographical Dictionary (tertia ed.), Merriam-Webster, 1997, pp. 515–516, ISBN 978-0-87779-546-9 "Officially, Republic of India";
– Complete Atlas of the World: The Definitive View of the Earth (3rd ed.), DK Publishing, 2016, p. 54, ISBN 978-1-4654-5528-4 "Official name: Republic of India";
– Worldwide Government Directory with Intergovernmental Organizations 2013, CQ Press, 2013, p. 726, ISBN 978-1-4522-9937-2 "India (Republic of India; Bharat Ganarajya)"

[2] Biswas, Soutik (1 Maii 2023). Most populous nation: Should India rejoice or panic?. . BBC News (British Broadcasting Corporation) .

[3] World Population Prospects 2022: Summary of Results. Novi Eboraci: United Nations Department of Social and Economic Affairs. 2022. pp. i .

[4] Cf. Metcalf (2006), p. 327: "Even though much remains to be done, especially in regard to eradicating poverty and securing effective structures of governance, India's achievements since independence in sustaining freedom and democracy have been singular among the world's new nations."

[stein-arnold-5] Stein, Burton (2012), Arnold, David, ed., A History of India, The Blackwell History of the World Series (2 ed.), Wiley-Blackwell .

[6] Cf. Fisher (2018), pp. 184–185: "Since 1947, India's internal disputes over its national identity, while periodically bitter and occasionally punctuated by violence, have been largely managed with remarkable and sustained commitment to national unity and democracy."

[7] Kumar et al. 2006.

[8] Secundum Indiae administrationem, India finem commune cum Afgania habet quia India putat totam civitatem Jammu et Casmiria ad Indiam pertinere.

[9] Poverty estimates for 2004-05, Planning commission, Administratio Indiae, Martio 2007. Accessum 25 Augusti 2007.

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