Empayar Seleukos Βασιλεία τῶν Σελευκιδῶν Basileía tōn Seleukidōn | |||||||||||||||
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312 SM–63 SM | |||||||||||||||
![]() Wilayah kerajaan (warna kuning). | |||||||||||||||
Status | Kerajaan pangkuan panglima | ||||||||||||||
Ibu negara | Seleukeia (305 SM – 240 SM) Antiokhia (240 SM – 64 SM) | ||||||||||||||
Bahasa yang umum digunakan | Yunani | ||||||||||||||
Agama | Agama Yunani Purba | ||||||||||||||
Kerajaan | Beraja | ||||||||||||||
Raja | |||||||||||||||
• 305 SM – 281 SM | Seleukos I | ||||||||||||||
• 65 SM – 63 SM | Filippos II | ||||||||||||||
Era Sejarah | Yunani | ||||||||||||||
• Didirikan | 312 SM | ||||||||||||||
64 SM | |||||||||||||||
• Raja terakhir tumpas; Syria menjadi provinsi Rom | 63 SM | ||||||||||||||
Keluasan | |||||||||||||||
301 SM[1] | 3,000,000 km2 (1,200,000 bt2) | ||||||||||||||
240 SM[1] | 2,600,000 km2 (1,000,000 bt2) | ||||||||||||||
175 SM[1] | 800,000 km2 (310,000 bt2) | ||||||||||||||
100 SM[1] | 100,000 km2 (39,000 bt2) | ||||||||||||||
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Empayar Seleukos (Bahasa Yunani Kuno: Βασιλεία τῶν Σελευκιδῶν , Basileía tōn Seleukidōn ) merupakan kerajaan bangsa Yunani[2][3] yang wujud berikutan pembahagian belah timur kerajaan Makaduniah milik Alexander Agung yang diserahkan kepada salah seorang panglima baginda Seleukos (Σέλευκος Séleukos) dan wangsa kerabatnya pada 312 SM.[4][5][6][7] Ia berpusat di Asia Barat Daya, di jajahan Empayar Parsi Hakhamaniyah awal di Asia. Pada kemuncak kuasanya, wilayah-wilayahnya merangkumi tengah Anatolia, Syam, Mesopotamia, Parsi, Turkmenistan moden, Pamir dan sebahagian Pakistan.
Ia merupakan sebuah pusat tumpuan utama budaya dan sastera bangsa Yunani.[8]
Most of the Asiatic occupations of Alexander, Iran as the core of them, were given to Seleucus I at first. Thus, Iran came under the ruling of the Seleucid. The Seleucid was a Greek state that commanded Western Asia between 312 and 64 BC. The Seleucid Empire was founded by Seleucus I.
By 201–200 it appeared that the old structure would be replaced by a tremendous expansion in the power of two already formidable Greek states –Antigonid Macedon and the Seleucid Empire– or perhaps even that one of these two formidable powers would emerge the sole victor.
... and the Greeks, or at least the Greco-Macedonian Seleucid Empire, replace the Persians as the Easterners.
The Seleucid kingdom has traditionally been regarded as basically a Greco-Macedonian state and its rulers thought of as successors to Alexander.
The wars between the two most prominent Greek dynasties, the Ptolemies of Egypt and the Seleucids of Syria, unalterably change the history of the land of Israel…As a result the land of Israel became part of the empire of the Syrian Greek Seleucids.
In addition to the court and the army, Syrian cities were full of Greek businessmen, many of them pure Greeks from Greece. The senior posts in the civil service were also held by Greeks. Although the Ptolemies and the Seleucids were perpetual rivals, both dynasties were Greek and ruled by means of Greek officials and Greek soldiers. Both governments made great efforts to attract immigrants from Greece, thereby adding yet another racial element to the population.
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