48°12′N 16°21′E / 48.200°N 16.350°E
Austro-Hungarian Empire | |
---|---|
1867–1918 | |
Motto: Indivisibiliter ac inseparabiliter ("Indivisibly and inseparably") | |
Anthem: Gott erhalte, Gott beschütze ("God [shall] save, God [shall] protect") | |
Greater Coat of Arms![]() | |
![]() Austria-Hungary on the eve of World War I | |
Capital | Vienna (Cisleithania) Budapest (Transleithania) |
Largest city | Vienna |
Official languages |
Other spoken languages: Bosnian, Czech, Romani (Carpathian), Italian, Istro-Romanian, Romanian, Rusyn, Ruthenian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Yiddish[2] |
Religion | 76.6% Catholic (incl. 64–66% Roman Catholic & 10–12% Eastern) 8.9% Protestant (Lutheran, Reformed, Unitarian) 8.7% Orthodox 4.4% Jewish 1.3% Muslim (1910 census[3]) |
Demonym(s) | Austro-Hungarian |
Government | Constitutional dual monarchy |
Emperor-King | |
• 1867–1916 | Franz Joseph I |
• 1916–1918 | Karl I & IV |
Minister-President of Austria | |
• 1867 (first) | F. F. von Beust |
• 1918 (last) | Heinrich Lammasch |
Prime Minister of Hungary | |
• 1867–1871 (first) | Gyula Andrássy |
• 1918 (last) | János Hadik |
Legislature | 2 national legislatures |
• Imperial Council | Herrenhaus Abgeordnetenhaus |
• Diet of Hungary | House of Magnates House of Representatives |
Historical era | New Imperialism • World War I |
30 March 1867 | |
• Dual Alliance | 7 October 1879 |
• Bosnian Crisis | 6 October 1908 |
28 June 1914 | |
28 July 1914 | |
• Aster Revolution | 31 October 1918 |
12 November 1918 | |
• Hungarian Republic | 16 November 1918 |
10 September 1919 | |
4 June 1920 | |
Area | |
1905[4] | 621,537.58 km2 (239,977.00 sq mi) |
Population | |
• 1914 | 52,800,000 |
Currency | |
Austria-Hungary or the Austro-Hungarian Empire was a state in Central Europe from 1867 to 1918.[5] It was the countries of Austria and Hungary ruled by a single monarch. This also included the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia as a constituent kingdom. The full name of the empire was "The Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council and the Lands of the Crown of St. Stephen".
The dual monarchy replaced the Austrian Empire (1804–1867). It started with the compromise between the ruling Habsburg dynasty and the Hungarians. It was an empire made up of many different ethnic groups and was a great power. It found its political life full of arguments between the eleven main national groups. It had great economic growth through the age of industrialization. It also saw social changes with many liberal and democratic reforms.
The Habsburg dynasty ruled as emperors of Austria over the western and northern half of the country and as kings of Hungary over the Kingdom of Hungary. The Kingdom of Hungary had some ability to govern itself. It also had a say in things that affected both it and the rest of the empire. This was mainly foreign relations and defense.
The empire had two capital cities: Vienna in Austria and Budapest in Hungary. Austria-Hungary was the second largest country in Europe (after the Russian Empire). It had the third most people (after Russia and the German Empire).
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