Republic of Colombia República de Colombia (Spanish) | |
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Motto: "Libertad y Orden" (Spanish) "Freedom and Order" | |
Anthem: Himno Nacional de la República de Colombia (Spanish) (English: "National Anthem of the Republic of Colombia") | |
![]() Location of Colombia (dark green) in South America (grey) | |
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Capital and largest city | Bogotá 4°35′N 74°4′W / 4.583°N 74.067°W |
Official languages | Spanish |
Recognized regional languages | 68 indigenous languages[a] |
Ethnic groups |
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Demonym(s) | Colombian |
Government | Unitary presidential constitutional republic |
Gustavo Petro | |
Francia Márquez | |
Roy Barreras | |
Aroldo Wilson Quiroz Monsalvo | |
Legislature | Congress |
Senate | |
Chamber of Representatives | |
Independence from Spain | |
• Declared | July 20, 1810 |
• Recognized | August 7, 1819 |
• Last unitarisation | 1886 |
July 4, 1991 | |
Area | |
• Total | 1,141,748 km2 (440,831 sq mi) (25th) |
• Water (%) | 8.8 (17th) |
Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 52,156,254[3] (27th) |
• Density | 42.23/km2 (109.4/sq mi) (173rd) |
GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $791.995 billion[4] (31st) |
• Per capita | $15,719[4] |
GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $355.163 billion[4] (32nd) |
• Per capita | $7,049[4] |
Gini (2017) | ![]() high |
HDI (2017) | ![]() high · 90th |
Currency | Peso (COP) |
Time zone | UTC−5[b] (COT) |
Date format | dd−mm−yyyy (CE) |
Driving side | right |
Calling code | +57 |
ISO 3166 code | CO |
Internet TLD | .co |
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Colombia (/[invalid input: 'kd']əˈlʌm.biə/ (listen); Spanish: [koˈlom.bja]), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a tropical equatorial country in northern South America. It is in the northwest part of the continent, and it has an area of 1,141,748 kilometres² (440,839 sq mi).
It is the only South American country with coasts on the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea.
The countries that have borders on the continent with Colombia are: Venezuela (east), Brazil (southeast), Peru (south), Ecuador (southwest) and Panama (west). The countries that have borders with Colombia on the sea are: Nicaragua, Panama, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Haiti and Dominican Republic.
More than 51 million people live in Colombia.[11] It is the third most populated country in Latin America after Mexico and Brazil.
The capital of Colombia is Bogotá. The second city is Medellín, a large industrial center. The third largest city is Cali, home to many multinational companies. The most important city of the country on the Caribbean coast is Barranquilla. It was also the first national port. Cartagena de Indias has a great Spanish wall from the 17th Century and an old town with 500-year-old buildings. After these cities comes Bucaramanga, a large city near the Venezuelan border, and the center of the textile industry in Colombia.
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