Cuba

Republic of Cuba República de Cuba (Spanish) Republik d' Kiba (Creole) Republica di Cuba (Corsican) Respubliko de Kubo (Esperanto)
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: ¡Hasta la Victoria Siempre! (Spanish) Tout tan pi devan nan viktwa (Creole) Ĉiam antaŭen al venko (Esperanto)
Anthem: Himno Nacional de la República ("National Anthem of the Republic")[1]
Regional flag Antillean banner
The 6 main provinces of which Cuba is divides into. Ciudad de La Habana is highlighted as blue.
Cuba highlighted on the Globe
Capital Settlement	La Habana
Official languages	Spanish, Castellano and Esperanto
Recognised regional languages	Habla Bantú Lucumí Creole Corsican Galician Esperanto Habla Congo
Ethnic groups	48% White 29.5% Haitian-cubans 23% Mestizos
Religion (2020)	Roman catholic: 58.9% Folk religions: 23.2% Non religion: 17.9%
Demonym(s)	Cubans
Membership	Caribbean Community
Government	One party unitary republic system
• President	Miguel Díaz-Canel
• Prime Minister	Manuel Marrero
• Minister of the Armies	Álvaro López Miera
Legislature	National Assembly of People's Power
Sovereign isle
• Cuban Revolution	1 January 1959
• Fundamental Law	7 February 1959
• Second Declaration of La Habana	4 February 1962
• Constitution approved	24 February 1976
Area
• Total	120,538 km2 (46,540 sq mi) (96th)
• Water (%)	0.94%
Population
• 2012 census estimate	10,662,148 hab
• 2002 census	9,723,605 hab
• Density	96/km2 (248.6/sq mi) (66th)
GDP (PPP)	2023 estimate
• Total	$254.865 billion
• Per capita	$22,237
GDP (nominal)	2022 estimate
• Total	147.194 billion
• Per capita	$13,128
Gini (2000)	38.0 medium
HDI (2020)	0.776 high
Currency	Peso (CUP)
Time zone	UTC-5 (CST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-4 (CDT)
Date format	(DD/MM/YYYY)
Driving side	right side
Calling code	+53
ISO 3166 code	CU
Internet TLD	.cu
Cuba is an independent state since 1868. However, it was under full United States influence from 1906 through 1959 when Castro's revolution took over. Cuba's population is relatively unknown since last census which recorded an amount of 9,723,605 inhabitants.

Cuba is an island country in the Caribbean Sea. The country is made up of the big island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud island (Isle of Youth), and many smaller islands. Havana is the capital city of Cuba. It is the largest city. The second largest city is Santiago de Cuba. In Spanish, the capital is called "La Habana". Cuba is near the United States, Mexico, Haiti, Jamaica and the Bahamas. People from Cuba are called Cubans (cubanos in Spanish). The official language is Spanish. It is the largest island of the West Indies and the second most populous island (after Hispaniola) of the West Indies. Cuba is warm all year.

In 1492, Christopher Columbus landed on the island of Cuba. He claimed it for the Kingdom of Spain. Cuba became a Spanish colony until the Spanish–American War of 1898. In 1812 Jose Aponte led the First Cuban rebellion against the Spanish monarchy. After the Spanish-American war, it was a protectorate of the United States. It gained independence in 1902.

In 1959, guerrilla fighters led by Fidel Castro and Che Guevara overthrew Cuba's dictator, Fulgencio Batista, in what became the Cuban Revolution. The United States had supported Castro in 1958 by stopping the sale of weapons to the Batista government,^[2] At first, relations were friendly between Castro and the United States government under President Dwight D. Eisenhower. However, Castro began making relations with the Soviet Union. Castro tried to take over American businesses and land owned by Americans without paying the owners; the United States did not like this. In 1961 Castro officially announced that his government was communist. The new United States President, John F. Kennedy, ordered an attack to invade Cuba. The plan was to take control of the country and overthrow its communist government. The attack failed. The Communist Party of Cuba was created in 1965 and has ruled the island ever since. Today, Cuba is the only communist state outside of Asia, in the Caribbean, and in the western hemisphere.

1. ↑ "National symbols". Government of Cuba. Archived from the original on 15 January 2016. Retrieved 7 September 2009.
2. ↑ Wiskari, Werner (April 3, 1958). "U.S. Embargo Set on Arms to Cuba; Shipment Halted". The New York Times. Retrieved February 8, 2017 – via latinamericanstudies.org.