Ethanol

Ethanol

Names
Pronunciation	/ˈɛθənɒl/
Systematic IUPAC name ethanol[1]
Other names Absolute alcohol alcohol cologne spirit drinking alcohol ethylic alcohol EtOH ethyl alcohol ethyl hydrate ethyl hydroxide ethylol grain alcohol hydroxyethane methylcarbinol
Identifiers
CAS Number	64-17-5 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
3DMet	B01253
Beilstein Reference	1718733
ChEBI	CHEBI:16236 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL545 Y
ChemSpider	682 Y
DrugBank	DB00898 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.526
Gmelin Reference	787
IUPHAR/BPS	2299
PubChem CID	702
UNII	3K9958V90M Y
UN number	UN 1170
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID9020584
SMILES CCO
Properties
Chemical formula	C2H6O
Molar mass	46.07 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless liquid
Density	0.7893 g/cm3 (at 20 °C)[2]
Melting point	−114.14 ± 0.03[2] °C (−173.45 ± 0.05 °F; 159.01 ± 0.03 K)
Boiling point	78.24 ± 0.09[2] °C (172.83 ± 0.16 °F; 351.39 ± 0.09 K)
Solubility in water	miscible
log P	−0.18
Vapor pressure	5.95 kPa (at 20 °C)
Acidity (pKa)	15.9 (H2O), 29.8 (DMSO)[3][4]
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−33.60·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.3611[2]
Viscosity	1.2 mPa·s (at 20 °C), 1.074 mPa·s (at 25 °C)[5]
Dipole moment	1.69 D[6]
Hazards
NFPA 704	3 2 0
Flash point	14 °C (Absolute)
U.S. Permissible exposure limit (PEL)	TWA 1000 ppm (1900 mg/m3) [7]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol or just alcohol, is a flammable, colorless chemical compound. Its chemical formula is C₂H₅OH, also written as C₂H₆O. It is the active part of alcoholic drinks, which are drunk in most cultures worldwide. It is also used as a solvent because it can dissolve many other chemicals and is not very toxic. Yeast makes most of the ethanol that people use.

1. ↑ "Ethanol – Compound Summary". The PubChem Project. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information.
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3} Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 3.246. ISBN 1439855110.
3. ↑ Ballinger P, Long FA (1960). "Acid Ionization Constants of Alcohols. II. Acidities of Some Substituted Methanols and Related Compounds1,2". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 82 (4): 795–798. doi:10.1021/ja01489a008.
4. ↑ Arnett EM, Venkatasubramaniam KG (1983). "Thermochemical acidities in three superbase systems". J. Org. Chem. 48 (10): 1569–1578. doi:10.1021/jo00158a001.
5. ↑ Lide DR, ed. (2012). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL.: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis. pp. 6–232. ISBN 9781439855126.
6. ↑ Lide DR, ed. (2008). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (89th ed.). Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 9–55. ISBN 9781420066791.
7. ↑ NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0262". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).