Motto: استقلال، آزادی، جمهوری اسلامی Esteghlāl, Āzādi, Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi | |
Anthem: سرود ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران Sorud-e Melli-ye Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi-ye Irān ("National Anthem of the Islamic Republic of Iran") | |
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Capital and largest city | Tehran 35°41′N 51°25′E / 35.683°N 51.417°E |
---|---|
Official languages | Persian |
Recognised regional languages | |
Ethnic groups | List of ethnicities
|
Religion | Shia Islam (official)[4] |
Demonym(s) |
|
Government | Unitary theocratic presidential Islamic republic |
Ali Khamenei | |
Mohammad Mokhber (acting) | |
Mohammad Mokhber | |
Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf | |
Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i | |
Legislature | Islamic Consultative Assembly |
Establishment history | |
c. 678 BC | |
550 BC | |
247 BC | |
224 AD[5] | |
934 | |
1501[6] | |
1736 | |
1751 | |
1796 | |
15 December 1925 | |
11 February 1979 | |
3 December 1979 | |
28 July 1989 | |
Area | |
• Total | 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi) (17th) |
• Water (%) | 1.63 (as of 2015)[7] |
Population | |
• 2019 estimate | ![]() |
• Density | 48/km2 (124.3/sq mi) (162nd) |
GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | ![]() |
• Per capita | ![]() |
GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | ![]() |
• Per capita | ![]() |
Gini (2018) | ![]() medium |
HDI (2019) | ![]() high · 70th |
Currency | Iranian rial (ریال) (IRR) |
Time zone | UTC+3:30 (IRST) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+4:30 (IRDT) |
Date format | yyyy/mm/dd (SH) |
Driving side | right |
Calling code | +98 |
ISO 3166 code | IR |
Internet TLD |
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, also known as Persia, is a country in Western Asia. It is part of the Middle East region. It shares borders with Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iraq, Pakistan, Turkey, and Turkmenistan.
Tehran is the capital and largest city. Iran is the eighteenth largest country in the world. It has more than 84.9 million people. Iran has been a member of the United Nations since 1945. It is a member of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC).[12] It is an Islamic republic.
Iran is a powerful country in the region. It has a lot of natural gas and oil, which is important for its economy. It's also a significant place because it's where Shia Islam is most important. The country's economy is big, and it's a member of many important groups like the United Nations.
Iran has a long history and a rich culture. That's why it has many special places that are recognized by the United Nations. It's also famous for its cultural traditions, like music and dance. In 2019, many people visited Iran, making it one of the fastest-growing tourist destinations in the world.
The official motto of Iran is Takbir ('God is the Greatest' or 'God is Great'). Transliteration Allahu Akbar. As referred to in art. 18 of the constitution of Iran (1979). The de facto motto however is: 'Independence, freedom, the Islamic Republic.'
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Similarly the collapse of Sassanian Eranshahr in AD 650 did not end Iranians' national idea. The name 'Iran' disappeared from official records of the Saffarids, Samanids, Buyids, Saljuqs and their successor. But one unofficially used the name Iran, Eranshahr, and similar national designations, particularly Mamalek-e Iran or 'Iranian lands', which exactly translated the old Avestan term Ariyanam Daihunam. On the other hand, when the Safavids (not Reza Shah, as is popularly assumed) revived a national state officially known as Iran, bureaucratic usage in the Ottoman empire and even Iran itself could still refer to it by other descriptive and traditional appellations.
Andrew J. Newman 2006
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