State of Israel | |
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Anthem: Hatikvah (English: "The Hope") | |
![]() Territories recognized by the UN are in dark green Territories recognized by Israel but not by the UN are in light green | |
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Capital and largest city | Jerusalem[fn 1] 31°47′N 35°13′E / 31.783°N 35.217°E |
Official languages | Hebrew |
Recognized languages | Arabic[fn 2] |
Ethnic groups (2019) | |
Religion (2019) |
|
Demonym(s) | Israeli |
Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic |
Isaac Herzog | |
Benjamin Netanyahu | |
Yariv Levin | |
Esther Hayut | |
Legislature | Knesset |
Independence from the British Empire | |
14 May 1948 | |
11 May 1949 | |
1958–2018 | |
Area | |
• Total | 22,072 km2 (8,522 sq mi)[a] (150th) |
• Water (%) | 2.1 |
Population | |
• 2017 estimate | 9,905,050[14] (99th) |
• 2008 census | 7,412,200[15] |
• Density | 449/km2 (1,162.9/sq mi) (35th) |
GDP (PPP) | 2020[16] estimate |
• Total | ![]() |
• Per capita | ![]() |
GDP (nominal) | 2020[16] estimate |
• Total | ![]() |
• Per capita | ![]() |
Gini (2018) | 34.8[17] medium · 48th |
HDI (2019) | ![]() very high · 19th |
Currency | New shekel (₪) (ILS) |
Time zone | UTC+2 (IST) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (IDT) |
Date format | |
Driving side | right |
Calling code | +972 |
ISO 3166 code | IL |
Internet TLD | .il |
Website https://www.gov.il/en | |
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Israel (Hebrew: יִשְׂרָאֵל), officially the State of Israel (Hebrew: מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל), is a country in southwestern Asia on the eastern side of the Mediterranean Sea. Israel's population is 9.8 million people, of whom 7 million are Jewish. Almost all the other citizens of Israel are Arab (1.2 million) and include Muslims, Christians, and Druze.[19][20][21] Israel's capital is Jerusalem.[22]
Israel is a small country, but it has mountains, deserts, shores, valleys and plains. The climate is hot and rainless in the summers with high humidity in the coastal plain and lower elevations, and cool and rainy in the winters, rarely going below freezing temperatures.
Israel has few natural resources and imports more goods than it exports. It has a relatively high standard of living and life expectancy. Almost all of its people can read and write.
According to the Democratic Index, Israel along with Cyprus are the only democratic republics in the Middle East. According to Freedom House, Israel along with Cyprus are the only full democracies in the Middle East.[23] It has a long history of conflict with Palestine.
The Czech Republic currently, before the peace between Israel and Palestine is signed, recognizes Jerusalem to be in fact the capital of Israel in the borders of the demarcation line from 1967." The Ministry also said that it would only consider relocating its embassy based on "results of negotiations.
The Arabic language has a special status in the state; Regulating the use of Arabic in state institutions or by them will be set in law.
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