Nelson Mandela

His Excellency Nelson Mandela OMP OM GCFR AC CC OJ GCStJ QC GCIH RSerafO NPk
Mandela in 1994
1st President of South Africa
In office 10 May 1994 – 16 June 1999
Deputy	Thabo Mbeki F. W. de Klerk
Preceded by	F. W. de Klerk (State President)
Succeeded by	Thabo Mbeki
11th President of the African National Congress
In office 7 July 1991 – 20 December 1997
Deputy	Walter Sisulu Thabo Mbeki
Preceded by	Oliver Tambo
Succeeded by	Thabo Mbeki
19th Secretary General of the Non-Aligned Movement
In office 2 September 1998 – 16 June 1999
Preceded by	Andrés Pastrana Arango
Succeeded by	Thabo Mbeki
Personal details
Born	Rolihlahla Mandela (1918-07-18)18 July 1918 Mvezo, Cape Province, South Africa
Died	5 December 2013(2013-12-05) (aged 95) Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
Cause of death	Respiratory infection
Resting place	Mandela Graveyard Qunu, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Political party	African National Congress
Other political affiliations	South African Communist Party
Spouse(s)	Evelyn Ntoko Mase ​ ​ (m. 1944; div. 1958)​ Winnie Madikizela ​ ​ (m. 1958; div. 1996)​ Graça Machel ​ ​ (m. 1998; "his death" is deprecated; use "died" instead. 2013)​
Children	6 (including Thembekile, Makgatho, Makaziwe, Zenani and Zindziswa)
Parents	Nosekeni Fanny Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa
Alma mater	University of Fort Hare University of London University of South Africa University of the Witwatersrand
Occupation	Activist Politician Philanthropist Lawyer
Known for	Anti-Apartheid Movement
Awards	Sakharov Prize (1988) Bharat Ratna (1990) Nishan-e-Pakistan (1992) Nobel Peace Prize (1993) Order of Lenin Presidential Medal of Freedom (hundreds more ...)
Notable work(s)	Long Walk to Freedom
Website	nelsonmandela.org
Nickname(s)	Madiba Dalibunga

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013)^[1] was a South African politician and activist. On 27 April 1994, he was made the first President of South Africa elected in a fully represented democratic election. He was also the first black President of his country, South Africa.

Mandela was born in Mvezo, South Africa to a Thembu royal family.^[2]

His government focused on throwing out the legacy of apartheid by ending racism, poverty, inequality, and on improving racial understanding in South Africa. Politically a believer in socialism, he served as the President of the African National Congress (ANC) from 1991 to 1997 and adopted new Constitution of South African in 1996 that prohibits all discrimination, based on language, religion, handicap and sexual orientation, not only on racism. Internationally, Mandela was the Secretary General of the Non-Aligned Movement from 1998 to 1999.

Mandela received more than 250 honors, including the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize, the US Presidential Medal of Freedom, and the Soviet Order of Lenin. He is often referred to by his Xhosa clan name, Madiba, or as Tata ("Father"). Mandela was described as a hero, and his actions gave thousands of people hope.

Mandela was sick for several years during his retirement. He was hospitalized in late summer of 2013 from a continuous lung infection.^[3] Mandela died on 5 December 2013 in Houghton Estate, Johannesburg from a respiratory tract infection.^[3] He was 95 years old.^[3]

1. ↑ "Nelson Mandela, hero of South Africa, dies at 95". ctvnews.ca. 5 December 2013. Retrieved 5 December 2013.
2. ↑ "The Nobel Peace Prize 1993 Nelson Mandela, F.W. de Klerk". nobelprize.org. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1 3.2} Cite error: The named reference Death was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).