Republic of Ireland

Ireland[a] Éire  (Irish)
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: "Amhrán na bhFiann" (English: "The Soldiers' Song")
Location of  Ireland  (dark green) – on the European continent  (green & dark grey) – in the European Union  (green)
Capital and largest city	Dublin 53°20.65′N 6°16.05′W / 53.34417°N 6.26750°W / 53.34417; -6.2675053°N 8°W / 53°N 8°W / 53; -8
Official languages	Irish[b] English[1]
Ethnic groups (2016[2])	82.2% White Irish 9.5% Other White 2.6% Not stated 2.1% Asian Irish / Other Asian 1.5% Other ethn. 1.2% Black Irish / Black African 0.7% Irish Traveller 0.1% Other Black 0.84% Roma (Gypsy)
Religion (2016)	78.3% Roman Catholic 10.1% Irreligious 4.2% Protestant 7.4% Other
Demonym(s)	Irish
Government	Unitary parliamentary republic
• President	Michael D. Higgins
• Taoiseach	Simon Harris
• Tánaiste	Micheál Martin
• Chief Justice	Frank Clarke
Legislature	Oireachtas
• Upper house	Seanad
• Lower house	Dáil
Stages of independence  from the United Kingdom
• Proclamation	24 April 1916
• Declaration	21 January 1919
• Anglo-Irish Treaty	6 December 1921
• 1922 constitution	6 December 1922
• 1937 constitution	29 December 1937
• Republic Act	18 April 1949
Area
• Total	70,273 km2 (27,133 sq mi) (118th)
• Water (%)	2.00
Population
• 2020 estimate	4,977,400[3] (124th)
• Density	70.8/km2 (183.4/sq mi) (113th)
GDP (PPP)	2019 estimate
• Total	$412.797 billion[4] (46th)
• Per capita	$86,988[4] (4th)
GDP (nominal)	2019 estimate
• Total	$384.940 billion[4] (32nd)
• Per capita	$77,771[4] (4th)
Gini (2018)	28.9[5] low · 23rd
HDI (2018)	0.942[6] very high · 3rd
Currency	Euro (€)[note 1] (EUR)
Time zone	UTC (GMT)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+1 (IST)
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy
Driving side	left
Calling code	+353
ISO 3166 code	IE
Internet TLD	.ie[c]
^ Article 4 of the Constitution of Ireland declares that the name of the state is Ireland; Section 2 of the Republic of Ireland Act 1948 declares that Republic of Ireland is "the description of the State".[7] ^ Also the sole national language, as per the Section 2 of the Official Languages Act 2003. ^ The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.

Ireland (Irish: Éire [ˈeːɾʲə] (listen)) is a European country on the island of Ireland. It shares a border with Northern Ireland (which is controlled by the United Kingdom). The country is sometimes called the Republic of Ireland to distinguish it from the island.

It is a member of the European Union. The republic's capital is Dublin. Cork is the second largest city in the country and the third largest on the island of Ireland. The population of Ireland is 4.9 million. English is the main language spoken. The Irish language is widely taught in all schools, and it is still spoken as a first language in some areas of the country, known as the Gaeltacht. Irish is the first official language, followed by English.

1. ↑ "Official Languages Act 2003". Office of the Attorney-General. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
2. ↑ "CSO Census 2016 Chapter 6 – Ethnicity and Irish Travellers" (PDF). Retrieved 28 April 2017.
3. ↑ "Population and migration estimates April 2020". 22 August 2020.
4. ↑ ^{4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3} "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2019". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
5. ↑ "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey". ec.europa.eu. Eurostat. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
6. ↑ "Human Development Report 2019". United Nations Development Programme. 10 December 2019. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 April 2020. Retrieved 10 December 2019.
7. ↑ Coakley, John (20 August 2009). Politics in the Republic of Ireland. Taylor & Francis. p. 76. ISBN 978-0-415-47672-0. Retrieved 2 May 2011.