San Marino

Republic of San Marino[1] Repubblica di San Marino  (Italian)
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "Libertas" (Latin) "Freedom"
Anthem: Inno Nazionale della Repubblica "National Anthem of the Republic"
Location of  San Marino  (green) on the European continent  (agate grey)  —  [Legend]
Capital	San Marino 43°56′N 12°26′E / 43.933°N 12.433°E / 43.933; 12.433
Largest settlement	Dogana 43°58′52.57″N 12°29′22.2″E / 43.9812694°N 12.489500°E / 43.9812694; 12.489500
Official languages	Italian[2]
Religion	97% Catholicism 3% Other
Demonym(s)	Sammarinese
Government	Unitary assembly-independent diarchic directorial republic
• Captains Regent	Alessandro Rossi Milena Gasperoni
• Foreign Minister	Luca Beccari
Legislature	Grand and General Council
Independence
• from Roman Empire	3 September 301[1]
• Constitution	8 October 1600 (statutes)
Area
• Total	61.2 km2 (23.6 sq mi)[1] (190th)
• Water (%)	0
Population
• 2020 estimate	34,232[1] (221st)
• Density	520/km2 (1,346.8/sq mi) (23rd)
GDP (PPP)	2017 estimate
• Total	$2.09 billion[3] (175th)
• Per capita	$60,651[3] (11th)
GDP (nominal)	2017 estimate
• Total	$1.55 billion[3] (174th)
• Per capita	$44,947[3] (13th)
HDI (2013)	0.875[4] very high · 26th
Currency	Euro (€) (EUR)
Time zone	UTC+01 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02 (CEST)
Driving side	right
Calling code	+378 (+39 0549 calling via Italy)
ISO 3166 code	SM
Internet TLD	.sm
By tradition. List of countries by Human Development Index#UN member states (latest UNDP data).
Sources: [1][5]

San Marino (officially called the Most Serene Republic of San Marino) is a country in Europe. It is one of the smallest countries in the world. It is in Southern Europe and is fully surrounded by Italy (this is called an enclave, and only the Vatican City, Lesotho and San Marino are like this). Fewer than 30,000 people live there. Its total area is 61 km². Its capital is the City of San Marino.

San Marino is the world's oldest republic that still exists. It was started on 3 September A.D. 301 by a skilled builder called Saint Marinus. Its written constitution was adopted on October 8, 1600. The very small nation was recognized by Napoleon's France in 1797, and by the other European nations at the 1815 Congress of Vienna.

Even though it is an independent country, it depends very much on Italy. Since the 19th century, when Italy was unified, San Marino has been fully surrounded by Italy.

The biggest industry in San Marino is tourism. Selling postage stamps is an important source of income, too. San Marino is not a member of the European Union, but the euro is used in San Marino.

People in San Marino speak the Italian language. Most people in San Marino believe in Roman Catholicism.

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4} "San Marino". The World Factbook (2024 ed.). Central Intelligence Agency.
2. ↑ "San Marino è". GOV.SM. Repubblica di San Marino. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3} San Marino. Imf.org.
4. ↑ Filling Gaps in the Human Development Index Archived 5 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine, United Nations ESCAP, February 2009
5. ↑ "San Marino" (PDF). UNECE Statistics Programme. UNECE. 2009. Retrieved 13 March 2010.