Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic

Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic Түркменистан Совет Социалистик Республикасы (Turkmen) Туркменская Советская Социалистическая Республика (Russian)
1925–1991
Flag (1973–1991) State emblem (1978–1991)
Motto: Әхли юртларың пролетарлары, бирлешиң! (Turkmen) Ähli ýurtlaryň proletarlary, birleşiň! (transliteration) "Proletarians of all nations, unite!"
Anthem: Түркменистан Совет Социалистик Республикасы Дөвлет Гимни Türkmenistan Sowet Socialistik Respublikasy Döwlet Gimni "State Anthem of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic"
Location of Turkmenia (red) within the Soviet Union.
Status	Soviet Socialist Republic
Capital	Ashkhabad
Common languages	Turkmen · Russian
Government	Unitary Marxist-Leninist single-party Soviet socialist republic (1925–1990) Unitary presidential republic (1990–1991)
Leader
• 1924–1926	Ivan Mezhlauk (first)
• 1985–1991	Saparmurat Niyazov (last)
Premier
• 1925–1937	Kaikhaziz Atabayev (first)
• 1989–1991	Khan Akhmedov (last)
Legislature	Supreme Soviet
History
• Turkmen Oblast of the Turkestan ASSR	7 August 1921
• Republic proclaimed	13 May 1925
• Sovereignty declared	22 August 1990
• Independence declared	27 October 1991
• Independence recognized	26 December 1991
Area
1989	488,100 km2 (188,500 sq mi)
Population
• 1989	3,522,700
Currency	Soviet ruble (руб) (SUR)
Calling code	7 360/363/370/378/432
Preceded by Succeeded by Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic Khorezm SSR Bukharan People's Soviet Republic Turkmenistan
Today part of	Turkmenistan

Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (Turkmen: Түркменистан Совет Социалистик Республикасы, Türkmenistan Sowet Sotsialistik Respublikasy; Russian: Туркменская Советская Социалистическая Республика, Turkmenskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), also commonly known as Turkmenistan or Turkmenia, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union in Central Asia. It existed as a republic from 1925 to 1991. Initially, on 7 August 1921, it was established as the Turkmen Oblast of the Turkestan ASSR before being made. On 13 May 1925, Turkmen ASSR was promoted to a union republic of the USSR as the Turkmen SSR.

Since then, the borders of Turkmenia are unchanged. On 22 August 1990, Turkmenia declared its state sovereignty, who means that its laws have a priority over the Soviet laws. On 27 October 1991, it declared its independence and Turkmen SSR was renamed to Turkmenistan.

Geographically, Turkmenia bordered Iran and Afghanistan to the south, Kazakhstan to the north and Uzbekistan to the east. Additionally, Turkmenia was a landlocked country; however it had access to the Caspian Sea in the west.