West Bengal

West Bengal

Bengali: পশ্চিমবঙ্গ
romanised: *Paścimbaṅga*
West Bengal Bengali: পশ্চিমবঙ্গ; romanised: Paścimbaṅga
State
	Along the clock, from top:; View of Kolkata from Howrah; Chhau dance, Purulia; Durga Puja; Bengal tiger, Sundarbans; Darjeeling from Happy Valley Tea Estate; Digha; Hazarduari Palace; Dakshineswar Kali Temple
	Etymology: Western part of Bengal
	Nickname: "Hub of all cultural traits"
	Motto(s): Satyameva Jayate; (Truth Alone Triumphs)
	Anthem: Banglar Mati Banglar Jol; (The Soil of Bengal, The Water of Bengal)
	Location of West Bengal in India
	Coordinates: 22°34′N 88°22′E / 22.57°N 88.37°E
Country	India
Region	East India
Before was	Bengal Province
Started; (by division into parts)	15 August 1947
Capital; and largest city	Kolkata
Largest metro (city and suburbs)	Kolkata Metropolitan Area
Districts	23 (5 divisions)
Government
• Body	Government of West Bengal
• Governor	C. V. Ananda Bose
• Chief minister	Mamata Banerjee (TMC)
State Legislature	Unicameral
• Assembly	West Bengal Legislative Assembly (294 seats)
National Parliament	Parliament of India
• Rajya Sabha	16 seats
• Lok Sabha	42 seats
High Court	Calcutta High Court
Area
• Total	88,752 km2 (34,267 sq mi)
• Rank	13th
Dimensions
• Length	623 km (387 mi)
• Width	320 km (200 mi)
Elevation	500 m (1,600 ft)
Highest elevation (Sandakphu)	3,636 m (11,929 ft)
Lowest elevation (Near Bay of Bengal)	11 m (36 ft)
Population (2011)
• Total	91,347,736
• Rank	4th
• Density	1,029/km2 (2,670/sq mi)
• Urban	31.87%
• Rural	68.13%
Demonym	Bengali
Language
• Official	Bengali • English
• Additional official	Nepali • Urdu • Hindi • Odia • Santali • Punjabi • Kamtapuri • Rajbanshi • Kudmali/Kurmali • Kurukh • Telugu
• Official script	Bengali–Assamese script
GDP
• Total (2023)	₹17.19 lakh crore (US$230 billion)
• Rank	6th
• Per capita	₹141,373 (US$1,900) (20th)
Time zone	UTC+05:30 (IST)
ISO 3166 code	IN-WB
Vehicle registration	WB
HDI (2022)	0.674 Medium (24th)
Literacy (2017)	80.5% (19th)
Sex ratio (2011)	950♀/1000 ♂ (8th)
Website	wb.gov.in
Symbols of West Bengal
Song	Banglar Mati Banglar Jol; (The Soil of Bengal, The Water of Bengal)
Mammal	Fishing cat
Bird	White-throated kingfisher
Fish	Ilish
Flower	Night-flowering jasmine
Fruit	Mango
Tree	Chhaatim tree
	Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox region symbols with unknown parameter "image_emblem_size"
	State highway mark
	State highway of West Bengal ; WB SH1 to WB SH15
	List of Indian state symbols
	^The Indian Independence Act 1947 divided the Province of Bengal into two parts: West Bengal and East Bengal. East Bengal became independent to become Bangladesh in 1971.; †† Partition of Bengal (1947)

West Bengal (/bɛŋˈɡɔːl/ beng-GAWL; Bengali: পশ্চিমবঙ্গ, romanised: Paścimbaṅga, pronounced [ˈpoʃtʃimbɔŋɡo] (listen)) is a state in India. It is in the eastern part of the country. It is along the Bay of Bengal. Its area is 88,752 square kilometres (34,267 square miles). Its population was about 91 million in 2011. It became about 103 million in 2023.^[12] West Bengal is the fourth-largest state in India by population. It is the thirteenth-largest state in India by area. It is also the eighth-largest administrative division of the world.

Both West Bengal and Bangladesh are parts of the region of Bengal. Bangladesh is a country east of West Bengal. Nepal and Bhutan are two countries north of the Indian state. Bihar and Jharkhand are two Indian states west of West Bengal. Odisha is another Indian state southwest of West Bengal. Sikkim is an Indian state north of West Bengal. Assam is an Indian state east of West Bengal. Kolkata is the capital city of West Bengal. Kolkata is the third-largest metropolis and seventh-largest city by population.

West Bengal is divided into some regions, for example the Darjeeling Hills, the Ganges Delta, the Rarh region, the Sundarbans and the Bay of Bengal. West Bengal has a tropical climate, so it is very hot and humid in summer and cool in winter. The people who live here are called Bengalis. Bengalis also live in Bangladesh.

↑ "West Bengal Assembly passes resolution declaring Rabindranath Tagore composition as state anthem". Scroll.in. 7 September 2023. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
↑ "Sandakphu". 25 December 2008. Archived from the original on 25 December 2008. Retrieved 24 March 2023.
↑ "Area, population, decennial growth rate and density for 2001 and 2011 at a glance for West Bengal and the districts: provisional population totals paper 1 of 2011: West Bengal". Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original on 7 January 2012. Retrieved 26 January 2012.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Cite error: The named reference nclmanurep2010 was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).
↑ "Financial Statements 2023-24, Government of West Bengal" (PDF). Government of West Bengal. 1 February 2023. p. 21. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 February 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
↑ "Handbook of Statistics of Indian States 2022-23" (PDF). Reserve Bank of India. pp. 11, 33. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
↑ "STATE-WISE DATA ON PER CAPITA INCOME". Delhi: PIB Delhi. 24 July 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
↑ "Sub-national HDI – Area Database". Global Data Lab. 15 June 2021. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
↑ NSO (2018). "Sex ratio, 0–6 age population, literates and literacy rate by sex for 2001 and 2011 at a glance for West Bengal and the districts: provisional population totals paper 1 of 2011: West Bengal" (PDF). Government of India:Ministry of Home Affairs. Archived from the original on 7 January 2012.
↑ "Sex ratio, 0–6 age population, literates and literacy rate by sex for 2001 and 2011 at a glance for West Bengal and the districts: provisional population totals paper 1 of 2011: West Bengal". Government of India:Ministry of Home Affairs. Archived from the original on 7 January 2012. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
↑ Mukherjee 1987, p. 230.
↑ "West Bengal Population 2023". World Population Review. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2023.

[1] "West Bengal Assembly passes resolution declaring Rabindranath Tagore composition as state anthem". Scroll.in. 7 September 2023. Retrieved 8 September 2023.

[2] "Sandakphu". 25 December 2008. Archived from the original on 25 December 2008. Retrieved 24 March 2023.

[2011_pp_tableA2-3] "Area, population, decennial growth rate and density for 2001 and 2011 at a glance for West Bengal and the districts: provisional population totals paper 1 of 2011: West Bengal". Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original on 7 January 2012. Retrieved 26 January 2012.

[nclmanurep2010-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Cite error: The named reference nclmanurep2010 was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).

[EcoSur-5] "Financial Statements 2023-24, Government of West Bengal" (PDF). Government of West Bengal. 1 February 2023. p. 21. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 February 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023.

[RBI_Statistics-6] "Handbook of Statistics of Indian States 2022-23" (PDF). Reserve Bank of India. pp. 11, 33. Retrieved 15 September 2023.

[pib-gov-Delhi1-7] "STATE-WISE DATA ON PER CAPITA INCOME". Delhi: PIB Delhi. 24 July 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.

[snhdi-gdl-8] "Sub-national HDI – Area Database". Global Data Lab. 15 June 2021. Retrieved 7 March 2023.

[NSO_2017-9] NSO (2018). "Sex ratio, 0–6 age population, literates and literacy rate by sex for 2001 and 2011 at a glance for West Bengal and the districts: provisional population totals paper 1 of 2011: West Bengal" (PDF). Government of India:Ministry of Home Affairs. Archived from the original on 7 January 2012.

[2021_pp_table3A2-10] "Sex ratio, 0–6 age population, literates and literacy rate by sex for 2001 and 2011 at a glance for West Bengal and the districts: provisional population totals paper 1 of 2011: West Bengal". Government of India:Ministry of Home Affairs. Archived from the original on 7 January 2012. Retrieved 29 January 2012.

[FOOTNOTEMukherjee1987230-11] Mukherjee 1987, p. 230.

[12] "West Bengal Population 2023". World Population Review. 13 July 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2023.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

West Bengal Bengali: পশ্চিমবঙ্গ romanised: Paścimbaṅga
State
Along the clock, from top: View of Kolkata from Howrah; Chhau dance, Purulia; Durga Puja; Bengal tiger, Sundarbans; Darjeeling from Happy Valley Tea Estate; Digha; Hazarduari Palace; Dakshineswar Kali Temple
Etymology: Western part of Bengal
Nickname: "Hub of all cultural traits"
Motto(s): Satyameva Jayate (Truth Alone Triumphs)
Anthem: Banglar Mati Banglar Jol (The Soil of Bengal, The Water of Bengal)^[1]
Location of West Bengal in India
Coordinates: 22°34′N 88°22′E / 22.57°N 88.37°E / 22.57; 88.37
Country	India
Region	East India

Before was	Bengal Province
Started (by division into parts)	15 August 1947

Capital and largest city	Kolkata
Largest metro (city and suburbs)	Kolkata Metropolitan Area
Districts	23 (5 divisions)
Government
• Body	Government of West Bengal
• Governor	C. V. Ananda Bose
• Chief minister	Mamata Banerjee (TMC)

State Legislature	Unicameral
• Assembly	West Bengal Legislative Assembly (294 seats)
National Parliament	Parliament of India
• Rajya Sabha	16 seats
• Lok Sabha	42 seats
High Court	Calcutta High Court

Area
• Total	88,752 km² (34,267 sq mi)
• Rank	13th
Dimensions
• Length	623 km (387 mi)
• Width	320 km (200 mi)
Elevation	500 m (1,600 ft)
Highest elevation (Sandakphu^[2])	3,636 m (11,929 ft)
Lowest elevation (Near Bay of Bengal)	11 m (36 ft)
Population (2011)^[3]
• Total	91,347,736
• Rank	4th
• Density	1,029/km² (2,670/sq mi)
• Urban	31.87%
• Rural	68.13%
Demonym	Bengali
Language
• Official	Bengali^[4] • English
• Additional official	Nepali • Urdu • Hindi • Odia • Santali • Punjabi • Kamtapuri • Rajbanshi • Kudmali/Kurmali • Kurukh • Telugu^[4]
• Official script	Bengali–Assamese script
GDP ^[5]^[6]^[7]
• Total (2023)	₹17.19 lakh crore (US$230 billion)
• Rank	6th
• Per capita	₹141,373 (US$1,900) (20th)
Time zone	UTC+05:30 (IST)
ISO 3166 code	IN-WB
Vehicle registration	WB
HDI (2022)	0.674 Medium^[8] (24th)
Literacy (2017)	80.5%^[9] (19th)
Sex ratio (2011)	950♀/1000 ♂^[10] (8th)
Website	wb.gov.in

Symbols of West Bengal
Song	Banglar Mati Banglar Jol (The Soil of Bengal, The Water of Bengal)^[1]
Mammal	Fishing cat
Bird	White-throated kingfisher
Fish	Ilish
Flower	Night-flowering jasmine
Fruit	Mango
Tree	Chhaatim tree
Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox region symbols with unknown parameter "image_emblem_size"
State highway mark

State highway of West Bengal WB SH1 to WB SH15
List of Indian state symbols

^{^}The Indian Independence Act 1947 divided the Province of Bengal into two parts: West Bengal and East Bengal. East Bengal became independent to become Bangladesh in 1971.^[11] ^†† Partition of Bengal (1947)