Adam Ferguson

Adam Ferguson
Adam Ferguson as painted by Joshua Reynolds in 1782
Born(1723-06-20)20 June 1723
Died22 February 1816(1816-02-22) (aged 92)
Alma materUniversity of Edinburgh
University of St Andrews
Era18th-century philosophy
RegionWestern philosophy
SchoolScottish Common Sense Realism[1]
Scottish Enlightenment
InstitutionsUniversity of Edinburgh
Main interests
Sociology, political philosophy, ethics, history
Detail of Adam Ferguson's grave
The grave of Adam Ferguson, St Andrews Cathedral churchyard

Adam Ferguson, FRSE (Scottish Gaelic: Adhamh MacFhearghais), also known as Ferguson of Raith (1 July N.S.[citation needed] /20 June O.S. 1723 – 22 February 1816), was a Scottish philosopher and historian of the Scottish Enlightenment.

Ferguson was sympathetic to traditional societies, such as the Highlands, for producing courage and loyalty. He criticized commercial society as making men weak, dishonourable and unconcerned for their community. Ferguson has been called "the father of modern sociology" for his contributions to the early development of the discipline.[2][3] His best-known work is his Essay on the History of Civil Society.

  1. ^ Selections from the Scottish Philosophy of Common Sense, ed. by G. A. Johnston (1915), essays by Thomas Reid, Adam Ferguson, James Beattie, and Dugald Stewart (online version).
  2. ^ Barnes, Harry E. (September 1917). "Sociology Before Comte: A Summary of Doctrines and an Introduction to the Literature". American Journal of Sociology. 23 (2): 234. doi:10.1086/212733. JSTOR 2763534. S2CID 143916665.
  3. ^ Willcox, William Bradford; Arnstein, Walter L. (1966). The Age of Aristocracy, 1688 to 1830. Volume III of A History of England, edited by Lacey Baldwin Smith (Sixth Edition, 1992 ed.). Lexington, MA. p. 133. ISBN 0669244597.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

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