Cincinnati Time Store

The Cincinnati Time Store (1827–1830) was the first in a series of retail stores created by American individualist anarchist Josiah Warren to test his economic labor theory of value.^[1] The experimental store operated from May 18, 1827, until May 1830.^[2]^[3] He sold things at-cost plus a small markup for his time.^[4] It is usually considered to be the first time alternative currency labor notes were used,^[5] and as such the first experiment in what would later be called mutualism.^[6] He also founded stores in New Harmony, Indiana, and at Modern Times, Long Island.^[7] The store in Cincinnati closed in 1830 with Warren being satisfied he demonstrated running and managing a business without the "erection of any power over the individual".^[8] His theory — replacing money with time — was turned into an actual practical demonstration project.^[9] It was the first such activity, preceding similar labor notes in Europe by more than 20 years, and still has implications for other concepts of currency such as cryptocurrencies. Nonetheless, at the time it was the most popular mercantile institution in Cincinnati.^[10]

^ Tyler, A.F. (1953). "Men Against the State: The Expositors of Individualist Anarchism in America, 1827-1908 by James J. Martin and Harry Elmer Barnes". Indiana Magazine of History: 2.
^ Welsh, John F. (2010). Max Stirner's Dialectical Egoism: A New Interpretation. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 123. ISBN 9780739141564. Retrieved November 28, 2018.
^ Cite error: The named reference Khaleej was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Wunderlich, Roger (1992). Low Living and High Thinking at Modern Times, New York. Syracuse University Press. p. 3. ISBN 9780815625544. Retrieved November 28, 2018.
^ Wunderlich, Roger (1992). Low Living and High Thinking at Modern Times, New York. Syracuse University Press. pp. 46–47. ISBN 9780815625544. Retrieved November 28, 2018.
^ Heywood, Andrew (2017). Political Ideologies: An Introduction. Macmillan International Higher Education. p. 152. ISBN 9781137606044. Retrieved November 28, 2018.^{[permanent dead link]}
^ Shook, John R., ed. (2012). "Warren, Josiah". Dictionary of Early American Philosophers. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 1089. ISBN 9781441171405. Retrieved November 28, 2018.
^ Martin, James J. (1953). Men Against the State. Ludwig von Mises Institute. p. 22. ISBN 9781610163910. Retrieved November 28, 2018.
^ Cánovas, Cristóbal Pagán; Teuscher, Ursina (January 2012). "Much more than money: Conceptual integration and the materialization of time in Michael Ende's Momo and the social sciences". Pragmatics & Cognition. 20 (3). John Benjamins Publishing Company: 546–569. doi:10.1075/pc.20.3.05pag. ISSN 0929-0907. E-. This makes time be money in a very different way: money has been replaced by time. One of the earliest practical applications of this blend was the Cincinnati Time Store.
^ Kemple, Steve (March 19, 2010). "The Cincinnati Time Store As An Historical Precedent For Societal Change". Cincinnati Ohio: Cincinnati Public Library Presented at CS13. pp. 1–3. Retrieved November 29, 2018.

[1] Tyler, A.F. (1953). "Men Against the State: The Expositors of Individualist Anarchism in America, 1827-1908 by James J. Martin and Harry Elmer Barnes". Indiana Magazine of History: 2.

[2] Welsh, John F. (2010). Max Stirner's Dialectical Egoism: A New Interpretation. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 123. ISBN 9780739141564. Retrieved November 28, 2018.

[Khaleej-3] Cite error: The named reference Khaleej was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[low3-4] Wunderlich, Roger (1992). Low Living and High Thinking at Modern Times, New York. Syracuse University Press. p. 3. ISBN 9780815625544. Retrieved November 28, 2018.

[low47-5] Wunderlich, Roger (1992). Low Living and High Thinking at Modern Times, New York. Syracuse University Press. pp. 46–47. ISBN 9780815625544. Retrieved November 28, 2018.

[6] Heywood, Andrew (2017). Political Ideologies: An Introduction. Macmillan International Higher Education. p. 152. ISBN 9781137606044. Retrieved November 28, 2018.^{[permanent dead link]}

[7] Shook, John R., ed. (2012). "Warren, Josiah". Dictionary of Early American Philosophers. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 1089. ISBN 9781441171405. Retrieved November 28, 2018.

[8] Martin, James J. (1953). Men Against the State. Ludwig von Mises Institute. p. 22. ISBN 9781610163910. Retrieved November 28, 2018.

[9] Cánovas, Cristóbal Pagán; Teuscher, Ursina (January 2012). "Much more than money: Conceptual integration and the materialization of time in Michael Ende's Momo and the social sciences". Pragmatics & Cognition. 20 (3). John Benjamins Publishing Company: 546–569. doi:10.1075/pc.20.3.05pag. ISSN 0929-0907. E-. This makes time be money in a very different way: money has been replaced by time. One of the earliest practical applications of this blend was the Cincinnati Time Store.

[Kemple-10] Kemple, Steve (March 19, 2010). "The Cincinnati Time Store As An Historical Precedent For Societal Change". Cincinnati Ohio: Cincinnati Public Library Presented at CS13. pp. 1–3. Retrieved November 29, 2018.

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