Back IEEE 802.11n-2009 Azerbaijani আইইইই ৮০২.১১এন-২০০৯ Bengali/Bangla IEEE 802.11n Catalan IEEE 802.11n German IEEE 802.11n Spanish IEEE 802.11n-2009 Estonian آیتریپلئی ۸۰۲٫۱۱ان Persian IEEE 802.11n French IEEE 802.11n-2009 Korean IEEE 802.11n Polish
| Generation | IEEE standard |
Adopted | Maximum link rate (Mbit/s) |
Radio frequency (GHz) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wi-Fi 8 | 802.11bn | 2028 | 100,000[1] | 2.4, 5, 6, 7, 42.5, 71[2] |
| Wi-Fi 7 | 802.11be | 2024 | 1376–46,120 | 2.4, 5, 6[3] |
| Wi-Fi 6E | 802.11ax | 2020 | 574–9608[4] | 6[a] |
| Wi-Fi 6 | 2019 | 2.4, 5 | ||
| Wi-Fi 5 | 802.11ac | 2014 | 433–6933 | 5[b] |
| Wi-Fi 4 | 802.11n | 2008 | 72–600 | 2.4, 5 |
| (Wi-Fi 3)* | 802.11g | 2003 | 6–54 | 2.4 |
| (Wi-Fi 2)* | 802.11a | 1999 | 5 | |
| (Wi-Fi 1)* | 802.11b | 1999 | 1–11 | 2.4 |
| (Wi-Fi 0)* | 802.11 | 1997 | 1–2 | 2.4 |
| *Wi‑Fi 0, 1, 2, and 3 are named by retroactive inference. They do not exist in the official nomenclature.[5][6][7] | ||||
IEEE 802.11n-2009, or 802.11n, is a wireless-networking standard that uses multiple antennas to increase data rates. The Wi-Fi Alliance has also retroactively labelled the technology for the standard as Wi-Fi 4.[8][9] It standardized support for multiple-input multiple-output, frame aggregation, and security improvements, among other features, and can be used in the 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz frequency bands.
As the first Wi-Fi standard that introduced MIMO (multiple-input and multiple-output) support, sometimes devices/systems that support 802.11n standard (or draft version of the standard) are being referred to as MIMO (Wi-Fi products), especially before the introduction of the next generation standard.[10] The use of MIMO-OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) to increase the data rate while maintaining the same spectrum as 802.11a was first demonstrated by Airgo Networks.[11]
The purpose of the standard is to improve network throughput over the two previous standards—802.11a and 802.11g—with a significant increase in the maximum net data rate from 54 Mbit/s to 72 Mbit/s with a single spatial stream in a 20 MHz channel, and 600 Mbit/s (slightly higher gross bit rate including for example error-correction codes, and slightly lower maximum throughput) with the use of four spatial streams at a channel width of 40 MHz.[12][13]
IEEE 802.11n-2009 is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11-2007 wireless-networking standard. 802.11 is a set of IEEE standards that govern wireless networking transmission methods. They are commonly used today in their 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ac and 802.11ax versions to provide wireless connectivity in homes and businesses. Development of 802.11n began in 2002, seven years before publication. The 802.11n protocol is now Clause 20 of the published IEEE 802.11-2012 standard and subsequently renamed to clause 19 of the published IEEE 802.11-2020 standard.
- ^ "What is Wi-Fi 8?". everythingrf.com. March 25, 2023. Retrieved January 21, 2024.
- ^ Giordano, Lorenzo; Geraci, Giovanni; Carrascosa, Marc; Bellalta, Boris (November 21, 2023). "What Will Wi-Fi 8 Be? A Primer on IEEE 802.11bn Ultra High Reliability". arXiv:2303.10442.
- ^ "Understanding Wi-Fi 4/5/6/6E/7". wiisfi.com.
- ^ "MCS table (updated with 80211ax data rates)". semfionetworks.com.
- ^ Kastrenakes, Jacob (2018-10-03). "Wi-Fi Now Has Version Numbers, and Wi-Fi 6 Comes Out Next Year". The Verge. Retrieved 2019-05-02.
- ^ Phillips, Gavin (18 January 2021). "The Most Common Wi-Fi Standards and Types, Explained". MUO - Make Use Of. Archived from the original on 11 November 2021. Retrieved 9 November 2021.
- ^ "Wi-Fi Generation Numbering". ElectronicsNotes. Archived from the original on 11 November 2021. Retrieved 10 November 2021.
- ^ "Wi-Fi Alliance introduces Wi-Fi 6".
- ^ "Here come Wi-Fi 4, 5 and 6 in plan to simplify 802.11 networking names". CNET.
- ^ 張俊傑 (2008). 數位家庭無「線」蔓延 802.11n傳輸率大幅提升 MIMO測試不可或缺. 每月焦點. 新通訊元件雜誌 (in Traditional Chinese). Vol. 2008 年 7 月號, no. 89 期. 城邦文化事業股份有限公司. Archived from the original on 2018-12-05. Retrieved 2018-11-29. Alt URL
- ^ Van Nee, Richard (March 2004). "MIMO-OFDM Multiple Antenna Technology". Communications Design Conference. San Francisco.
- ^ Stanford, Michael (September 7, 2007). "How does 802.11n get to 600Mbps?". Wirevolution.com. Archived from the original on November 9, 2007.
- ^ IEEE 802.11n-2009—Amendment 5: Enhancements for Higher Throughput. IEEE-SA. 29 October 2009. doi:10.1109/IEEESTD.2009.5307322. ISBN 978-0-7381-6046-7.
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