Kingdom of Sikkim

Kingdom of Sikkim
འབྲས་ལྗོངས། (Sikkimese)
*Drenjong*
འབྲས་མོ་གཤོངས། (Classical Tibetan)
*Dremoshong*
ᰕᰚᰬᰯ ᰜᰤᰴ (Lepcha)
*Mayel Lyang*
Kingdom of Sikkim འབྲས་ལྗོངས། (Sikkimese); Drenjong; འབྲས་མོ་གཤོངས། (Classical Tibetan); Dremoshong; ᰕᰚᰬᰯ ᰜᰤᰴ (Lepcha); Mayel Lyang
1642–1975
	Flag Coat of arms
	Motto: "Oh, the jewel of creation is in the Lotus"
	Anthem: Drenjong Silé Yang Chhagpa Chilo; "Why is Sikkim Blooming So Fresh and Beautiful?"
	Kingdom of Sikkim
Status	Protectorate of Tibet of Qing China (until 1890) Bhutanese domination (1680/1700–1792); Nepalese domination (1776–1792); Nepalese-Bhutanese presence (1792–1816); British presence (1816–1890); ; Protectorate of the British Empire (1890–1947); Protectorate of India (1950–1975);
Capital	Yuksom (1642–1670); Rabdentse (1670–1793); Tumlong (1793–1894); Gangtok (1894–1975);
Official languages	Chöke, Sikkimese
Common languages	Lepcha (early period), Dzongkha, Nepali (late period)
Religion	Tibetan Buddhism; Nepali Hinduism
Demonym(s)	Drenjop, Sikkimese
Government	Absolute monarchy (until 1973); Parliamentary constitutional monarchy (1973–1975)
Chogyal
• 1642–1670 (first)	Phuntsog Namgyal
• 1963–1975 (last)	Palden Thondup Namgyal
Legislature	State Council of Sikkim
History
• Established	1642
• Bhutanese 1st Invasion	1680
• Bhutanese 2nd Invasion	1700
• Nepalese Invasion	1776
• Treaty of Titalia signed	1817
• Darjeeling given to British India	1835
• Palden Thondup Namgyal forced to abdicate	1975
• Merger with India	16 May 1975
Currency	Rupee
	Succeeded by
Sikkim
Today part of	India

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The Kingdom of Sikkim (Classical Tibetan and Sikkimese: འབྲས་ལྗོངས།, Drenjong), officially Dremoshong (Classical Tibetan and Sikkimese: འབྲས་མོ་གཤོངས།) until the 1800s, was a hereditary monarchy in the Eastern Himalayas which existed from 1642 to 16 May 1975, when it was annexed^[7]^[8]^[9] by India. It was ruled by Chogyals of the Namgyal dynasty.^[10]

^ "Sikkim / Dämojong". Archived from the original on 22 November 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
^ Hiltz, Constructing Sikkimese National Identity 2003, pp. 80–81.
^ The Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences ..., Volume 25, page 89.
^ According to Article II of Convention of Calcutta, Sikkim was a direct protectorate of the British Government, not the British Indian government.
^ "Nepali speakers of Sikkim reflect on 'foreigners' label".
^ Sikkim votes to end monarchy & merge with India, nytimes.com. Accessed 11 April 2024.
^ "16th May 1975: The Kingdom of Sikkim and its Annexation with India". 16 May 2018.
^ "Did India have a right to annex Sikkim in 1975?". India Today. Retrieved 27 May 2023.
^ Abrahams, Pema (1 June 2023). "The Forgotten Kingdom". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 27 May 2023.
^ Marathe, Om (20 August 2019). "Explained: Sikkim, from Chogyal rule to Indian state". The Indian Express. Archived from the original on 13 November 2022. Retrieved 13 November 2022.

[1] "Sikkim / Dämojong". Archived from the original on 22 November 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2021.

[FOOTNOTEHiltz,_Constructing_Sikkimese_National_Identity200380–81-2] Hiltz, Constructing Sikkimese National Identity 2003, pp. 80–81.

[3] The Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences ..., Volume 25, page 89.

[4] According to Article II of Convention of Calcutta, Sikkim was a direct protectorate of the British Government, not the British Indian government.

[5] "Nepali speakers of Sikkim reflect on 'foreigners' label".

[6] Sikkim votes to end monarchy & merge with India, nytimes.com. Accessed 11 April 2024.

[7] "16th May 1975: The Kingdom of Sikkim and its Annexation with India". 16 May 2018.

[8] "Did India have a right to annex Sikkim in 1975?". India Today. Retrieved 27 May 2023.

[9] Abrahams, Pema (1 June 2023). "The Forgotten Kingdom". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 27 May 2023.

[10] Marathe, Om (20 August 2019). "Explained: Sikkim, from Chogyal rule to Indian state". The Indian Express. Archived from the original on 13 November 2022. Retrieved 13 November 2022.

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