Back ভারতীয় জাতীয় কংগ্রেসের সভাপতিদের তালিকা Bengali/Bangla Liste der Präsidenten des Indischen Nationalkongresses German કોંગ્રેસના પક્ષ પ્રમુખોની યાદી Gujarati भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस के अध्यक्षों की सूची Hindi ഇന്ത്യൻ നാഷണൽ കോൺഗ്രസ്സിന്റെ പ്രസിഡണ്ടുമാരുടെ പട്ടിക Malayalam भारतीय राष्ट्रीय काँग्रेस अध्यक्ष Marathi భారత జాతీయ కాంగ్రెస్ అధ్యక్షుల జాబితా Tegulu انڈین نیشنل کانگریس کے صدور کی فہرست Urdu

List of presidents of the Indian National Congress

President of the Indian National Congress
Incumbent
Mallikarjun Kharge
since 26 October 2022 (2022-10-26)
Residence24 Akbar Road, New Delhi
AppointerCommittee consisting of members of the Indian National Congress from the National and State Committees
Term lengthno term limit
Constituting instrumentConstitution of the Indian National Congress[1]
PrecursorSonia Gandhi
Formation28 December 1885 (1885-12-28)
First holderWomesh Chandra Bonnerjee (1885–1886)
WebsiteOfficial website
This article is part of a series on the
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The president of the Indian National Congress is the chief executive of the Indian National Congress (INC), one of the principal political parties in India.[1] Constitutionally, the president is elected by an electoral college composed of members drawn from the Pradesh Congress Committees and members of the All India Congress Committee (AICC).[2] In the event of any emergency because of any cause such as the death or resignation of the president elected as above, the most senior general secretary discharges the routine functions of the president until the Working Committee appoints a provisional president pending the election of a regular president by the AICC.[2] The president of the party has effectively been the party's national leader, head of the party's organisation, head of the Working Committee, the chief spokesman, and all chief Congress committees.[3]

After the party's foundation in December 1885, Wyomesh Chandra Banerjee became its first president. From 1885 to 1933, the presidency had a term of one year only. From 1933 onwards, there was no such fixed term for the president.[4] During Jawaharlal Nehru's premiership, he rarely held the Presidency of INC, even though he was always head of the Parliamentary Party. Despite being a party with a structure, Congress under Indira Gandhi did not hold any organisational elections after 1978.[5] In 1978, Gandhi split from the INC and formed a new opposition party, popularly called Congress (I), which the national election commission declared to be the real Indian National Congress for the 1980 general election.[6][7][8] Gandhi institutionalised the practice of having the same person as the Congress president and the prime minister of India after the formation of Congress (I).[9] Her successors Rajiv Gandhi and P. V. Narasimha Rao also continued that practice. Nonetheless, in 2004, when the Congress was voted back into power, Manmohan Singh became the first and only prime minister not to be the president of the party since establishment of the practice of the president holding both positions.[10]

A total of 61 people have served as the president of the Indian National Congress since its formation.[11] Sonia Gandhi is the longest serving president of the party, having held the office for over twenty years from 1998 to 2017 and from 2019 to 2022. The latest election of president was held on 17 October 2022,[12] in which Mallikarjun Kharge became the new president defeating Shashi Tharoor.[13]

  1. ^ a b "Constitution & Rules of the Indian National Congress" (PDF). Indian National Congress. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  2. ^ a b C G, Manoj (3 February 2021). "Explained: a Congress president — how these polls are meant to be held, how it plays out". The Indian Express. Indian Express Group. Archived from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
  3. ^ Kumar, Kedar Nath (1 January 1990). Political Parties in India, Their Ideology and Organisation. Mittal Publications. pp. 41–43. ISBN 978-81-7099-205-9.
  4. ^ Mondal, Manisha (29 December 2018). "Remembering WC Bonnerjee, the first president of Indian National Congress". Archived from the original on 2 June 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  5. ^ Sanghvi, Vijay (2006). The Congress Indira to Sonia Gandhi. Delhi: Kalpaz Publications. p. 128. ISBN 978-81-7835-340-1. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
  6. ^ Basu, Manisha (2 November 2016). The Rhetoric of Hindutva. Cambridge University Press. p. 73. ISBN 978-1-107-14987-8.
  7. ^ Statistical Report on General Elections, 1980 to the Seventh Lok Sabha (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 9 June 2016.
  8. ^ "Postindependence: from dominance to decline". Britannica.com. Encyclopædia Britannica. 23 September 2020. Archived from the original on 8 May 2015. Retrieved 24 June 2014.
  9. ^ Chakravartty, Nikhil (31 January 1978). "Indira Gandhi installed as president of break-away faction of Congress Party". India Today. Living Media India Limited. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
  10. ^ Deka, Kaushik (8 July 2019). "Goodbye, Rahul Gandhi?". India Today. Living Media India Limited. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
  11. ^ "Indian National Congress: From 1885 till 2017, a brief history of past presidents". The Indian Express. Indian Express Group. 5 December 2017. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
  12. ^ "Congress to elect new president on Oct 17, results on Oct 19 | India News - Times of India". The Times of India. 28 August 2022.
  13. ^ "Mallikarjun Kharge Is Chief - Congress Sticks To What It Knows". NDTV. 19 October 2022. Retrieved 19 October 2022.

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