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 OS/2 Warp 4 desktop. This version was released on 25 September 1996.[1] | |
| Developer | IBM Microsoft (1.0–1.3) |
|---|---|
| Written in | C, C++ and assembly language |
| Working state | Historical, now developed as ArcaOS |
| Source model | Closed source |
| Initial release | December 1987 |
| Latest release | 4.52 / December 2001 |
| Marketing target | Professionals, servers |
| Available in | Chinese, English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Spanish, Slovenian, Portuguese, Russian |
| Platforms | x86, PowerPC |
| Kernel type | Hybrid kernel |
| Influenced by | MS-DOS, IBM PC DOS |
| Default user interface | Workplace Shell |
| License | Proprietary |
| Succeeded by | eComStation ArcaOS |
| Official website | OS/2 Warp (Archived) |
OS/2 (Operating System/2) is a series of computer operating systems, initially created by Microsoft and IBM under the leadership of IBM software designer Ed Iacobucci.[2] As a result of a feud between the two companies over how to position OS/2 relative to Microsoft's new Windows 3.1 operating environment,[3] the two companies severed the relationship in 1992 and OS/2 development fell to IBM exclusively.[4] The name stands for "Operating System/2", because it was introduced as part of the same generation change release as IBM's "Personal System/2 (PS/2)" line of second-generation personal computers. The first version of OS/2 was initially released in December 1987, and newer versions were released until December 2001.
OS/2 was intended as a protected-mode successor of PC DOS targeting the Intel 80286 processor. Notably, basic system calls were modeled after MS-DOS calls; their names even started with "Dos" and it was possible to create "Family Mode" applications – text mode applications that could work on both systems.[5] Because of this heritage, OS/2 shares similarities with Unix, Xenix, and Windows NT.
Up to $990 million per year was spent developing OS/2 and its replacement. OS/2 sales were largely concentrated in networked computing used by corporate professionals; however, by the early 1990s, it was overtaken by Microsoft Windows NT. While OS/2 was arguably technically superior to Microsoft Windows 95, OS/2 failed to develop much penetration in the mass market consumer and stand-alone desktop PC segments.
IBM discontinued its support for OS/2 on December 31, 2006.[6] Since then, OS/2 has been developed, supported and sold by two different third-party vendors under license from IBM – first by Serenity Systems as eComStation since 2001,[7] and later by Arca Noae LLC as ArcaOS since 2017.[8][9][10]
- ^ Matthew Nawrocki (26 February 2013). "Preview: eComStation 2.2 Beta, the legacy of OS/2 lives on". TechRepublic.com. Archived from the original on 2 September 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2013.
- ^ Nuska, Andrew (June 21, 2013). "Ed Iacobucci, co-founder of Citrix, dies of cancer". ZD Net. Archived from the original on 25 February 2023. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
- ^ McCracken, Harry (April 2, 2012). "25 Years of IBM's OS/2: The Strange Days and Surprising Afterlife of a Legendary Operating System". Time Magazine. Archived from the original on 28 November 2022. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
- ^ Markoff, John (June 28, 1992). "I.B.M. and Microsoft Settle Operating-System Feud". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
- ^ Michal Necasek (2001-09-08). "OS/2 1.3: Ten Years Ago". The History of OS/2. Archived from the original on 2007-10-12.
- ^ IBM (12 July 2005). "Changes in support for IBM OS/2 Warp 4 and OS/2 Warp Server for e-business". ibm.com. Archived from the original on 27 April 2006.
- ^ "eComStation (eCS) history". Archived from the original on 2021-02-04. Retrieved 2020-08-29.
- ^ James Sanders (2015). "OS/2: Blue Lion to be the next distro of the 28-year-old OS". Archived from the original on 25 February 2023.
- ^ James Sanders (2016). "OS/2 resurrected: Blue Lion becomes ArcaOS, details emerge for upcoming release". Archived from the original on 25 October 2022.
- ^ Sharwood, Simon (19 May 2017). "What is dead may never die: a new version of OS/2 just arrived". The Register. Archived from the original on 19 January 2023.
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