Back الجمهوريانية في الولايات المتحدة Arabic جمهوریخواهی در ایالات متحده آمریکا Persian Republikanisme di Amerika Serikat ID アメリカ合衆国の共和主義 Japanese Republikanisme di Amerika Syarikat Malay Republicanismo nos Estados Unidos Portuguese Republicanism in the United States SIMPLE Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde Cumhuriyetçilik Turkish
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The values and ideals of republicanism are foundational in the constitution and history of the United States.[1][2] As the United States constitution prohibits granting titles of nobility, republicanism in this context does not refer to a political movement to abolish such a social class, as it does in countries such as the UK, Australia, and the Netherlands. Instead, it refers to the core values that citizenry in a republic have,[3][4] or ought to have.
Political scientists and historians have described these central values as liberty and inalienable individual rights; recognizing the sovereignty of the people as the source of all authority in law;[5] rejecting monarchy, aristocracy, and hereditary political power; virtue and faithfulness in the performance of civic duties; and vilification of corruption.[6] These values are based on those of Ancient Greco-Roman, Renaissance, and English models and ideas.[7] Articulated in the writings of the Founding Fathers (particularly Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and John Adams),[8] they formed the intellectual basis for the American Revolution – the Declaration of Independence (1776), the Constitution (1787), and the Bill of Rights (1791), as well as the Gettysburg Address (1863).[9]
Politicians and scholars have debated the connection of these values with issues like honest government, democracy, individualism, property rights, military service; or their compatibility with slavery, inequitable distribution of wealth, economic self-interest, limits on the rights of minorities, and national debt.
In the United States Constitution, republic is mentioned once, in section four of Article Four, where it is stated: "The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government ...". Two major political parties in American history have used the term in their name[10] – the Democratic-Republican Party of Thomas Jefferson (1793–1824; also known as the Jeffersonian Republican Party) and the Republican Party, (founded in 1854 and named after the Jeffersonian party).[11]
- ^ Robert E. Shalhope, "Toward a Republican Synthesis: The Emergence of an Understanding of Republicanism in American Historiography," William and Mary Quarterly, 29 (January 1972), pp. 49–80.
- ^ Brown, Gordon (April 1990). "Classical Republicanism and the American Revolution". Chicago-Kent Law Review. 66: 13, 19–20.
- ^ Hart, (2002), ch. 1
- ^ Lovett, Frank; Pettit, Philip (June 2009). "Neorepublicanism: A Normative and Institutional Research Program". Annual Review of Political Science. 12 (1): 11–29. doi:10.1146/annurev.polisci.12.040907.120952. ISSN 1094-2939.
- ^ Yick Wo vs. Hopkins, 118 U.S. 356, 370
- ^ Richard Buel, Securing the Revolution: Ideology in American Politics, 1789–1815 (1972)
- ^ Becker et al (2002), ch 1
- ^ "Republicanism". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. June 19, 2006. Retrieved September 20, 2022.
- ^ Gordon S. Wood, The Radicalism of the American Revolution (2011) pp. 95ff.
- ^ "Democratic-Republican Party". The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History. Archived from the original on July 13, 2017.
- ^ Robert Williams, Horace Greeley: champion of American freedom (2006) pp. 175–176
- ^ Kenneth R. Bowling "A Capital before a Capitol: Republican Visions," in Donald R. Kennon ed. A Republic for the Ages: The United States Capitol and the Political Culture of the Early Republic (1999)
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