Wearable technology

Wearable technology is any technology that is designed to be used while worn. Common types of wearable technology include smartwatches and smartglasses. Wearable electronic devices are often close to or on the surface of the skin, where they detect, analyze, and transmit information such as vital signs, and/or ambient data and which allow in some cases immediate biofeedback to the wearer.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Wearable devices such as activity trackers are an example of the Internet of things, since "things" such as electronics, software, sensors, and connectivity are effectors that enable objects to exchange data (including data quality^[4]) through the internet with a manufacturer, operator, and/or other connected devices, without requiring human intervention. Wearable technology offers a wide range of possible uses, from communication and entertainment to improving health and fitness, however, there are worries about privacy and security because wearable devices have the ability to collect personal data.

Wearable technology has a variety of use cases which is growing as the technology is developed and the market expands. Wearables are popular in consumer electronics, most commonly in the form factors of smartwatches, smart rings, and implants. Apart from commercial uses, wearable technology is being incorporated into navigation systems, advanced textiles (e-textiles), and healthcare. As wearable technology is being proposed for use in critical applications, like other technology, it is vetted for its reliability and security properties.^[5]

^ Düking P, Achtzehn S, Holmberg HC, Sperlich B. Integrated Framework of Load Monitoring by a Combination of Smartphone Applications, Wearables and Point-of-Care Testing Provides Feedback that Allows Individual Responsive Adjustments to Activities of Daily Living. Sensors. 2018 May 19;18(5). PMID 29783763. doi:10.3390/s18051632
^ Düking P, Hotho A, Holmberg HC, Fuss FK, Sperlich B. Comparison of Non-Invasive Individual Monitoring of the Training and Health of Athletes with Commercially Available Wearable Technologies. Frontiers in physiology. 2016;7:71. PMID 27014077. doi:10.3389/fphys.2016.00071
^ O'Donoghue, John; Herbert, John (1 October 2012). "Data Management Within mHealth Environments: Patient Sensors, Mobile Devices, and Databases". J. Data and Information Quality. 4 (1): 5:1–5:20. doi:10.1145/2378016.2378021. S2CID 2318649.
^ O'Donoghue, John; Herbert, John; Sammon, David (2008). "Patient Sensors: A Data Quality Perspective". In Helal, Sumi; Mitra, Simanta; Wong, Johnny; Chang, Carl K.; Mokhtari, Mounir (eds.). Smart Homes and Health Telematics. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 5120. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 54–61. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-69916-3_7. ISBN 978-3-540-69916-3.
^ Liu, Xing; Chen, Tianyu; Qian, Feng; Guo, Zhixiu; Lin, Felix Xiaozhu; Wang, Xiaofeng; Chen, Kai (2017-06-16). "Characterizing Smartwatch Usage in the Wild". Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services. MobiSys '17. Niagara Falls, NY: ACM. pp. 385–398. doi:10.1145/3081333.3081351. ISBN 978-1-4503-4928-4. S2CID 3405212.

[1] Düking P, Achtzehn S, Holmberg HC, Sperlich B. Integrated Framework of Load Monitoring by a Combination of Smartphone Applications, Wearables and Point-of-Care Testing Provides Feedback that Allows Individual Responsive Adjustments to Activities of Daily Living. Sensors. 2018 May 19;18(5). PMID 29783763. doi:10.3390/s18051632

[:7-2] Düking P, Hotho A, Holmberg HC, Fuss FK, Sperlich B. Comparison of Non-Invasive Individual Monitoring of the Training and Health of Athletes with Commercially Available Wearable Technologies. Frontiers in physiology. 2016;7:71. PMID 27014077. doi:10.3389/fphys.2016.00071

[3] O'Donoghue, John; Herbert, John (1 October 2012). "Data Management Within mHealth Environments: Patient Sensors, Mobile Devices, and Databases". J. Data and Information Quality. 4 (1): 5:1–5:20. doi:10.1145/2378016.2378021. S2CID 2318649.

[4] O'Donoghue, John; Herbert, John; Sammon, David (2008). "Patient Sensors: A Data Quality Perspective". In Helal, Sumi; Mitra, Simanta; Wong, Johnny; Chang, Carl K.; Mokhtari, Mounir (eds.). Smart Homes and Health Telematics. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 5120. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 54–61. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-69916-3_7. ISBN 978-3-540-69916-3.

[:1-5] Liu, Xing; Chen, Tianyu; Qian, Feng; Guo, Zhixiu; Lin, Felix Xiaozhu; Wang, Xiaofeng; Chen, Kai (2017-06-16). "Characterizing Smartwatch Usage in the Wild". Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services. MobiSys '17. Niagara Falls, NY: ACM. pp. 385–398. doi:10.1145/3081333.3081351. ISBN 978-1-4503-4928-4. S2CID 3405212.

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