Advisory Council (Qing dynasty)

Advisory Council
Advisory Council
Traditional Chinese	資政院
Simplified Chinese	资政院
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Zī Zhèng Yuàn
Wade–Giles	Tzu1 Cheng4 Yüan4

Advisory Council

資政院
Advisory Council ; 資政院
	Flag of the Qing Empire
Type
Type	Unicameral
History
Founded	6 November 1906
Disbanded	12 February 1912
Succeeded by	Provisional Senate of the Republic of China
Leadership
President	Xu Dinglin ; since 26 January 1912
Vice President	Dashou ; since 30 October 1911
Secretary General	Jin Bangping ; since 3 October 1910
Structure
Seats	200
Political groups	Election result; Constitutionalists (116); Revolutionaries (8); Independents (72); Vacant (4);
Length of term	3 years
Elections
Voting system	Indirect elections by provincial assemblies;; Appointed by Emperor;
Last election	October 1909
Meeting place
	Advisory Council Building, Beijing
Constitution
	Principles of the Constitution (1908–12); Nineteen Articles (1911–12)
Rules
	Charter of Advisory Council

The Advisory Council (Chinese: 資政院), also known as the Government Advisory Council,^[1] Political Advisory Council,^[2] or Political Advisory Board,^[3] was a preparatory body for the parliament established in 1910. It was part of the New Policies in the late Qing dynasty, of which the Qing court was moving toward the implementation of a constitution. In September 1907, the Guangxu Emperor promulgated a decree on the setting up of the Advisory Council, following by the provincial Consultative Bureaus in October.

The Advisory Council was established on 6 November 1906, and formally opened on 10 October 1910, after the first parliamentary election in last October. The council was dissolved on 12 February 1912 along with the end of the Qing dynasty, and was replaced by the Provisional Senate of the Republic of China.^[4]^[5]^[6]

^ Xiaoqun Xu (2020). Heaven Has Eyes: A History of Chinese Law. Oxford University Press. pp. 110–. ISBN 978-0-19-006004-6.
^ John Gillespie; Albert H.Y. Chen (13 September 2010). Legal Reforms in China and Vietnam: A Comparison of Asian Communist Regimes. Routledge. pp. 197–. ISBN 978-1-136-97842-5.
^ Joan Judge (1 March 1997). Print and Politics: 'Shibao' and the Culture of Reform in Late Qing China. Stanford University Press. pp. 295–. ISBN 978-0-8047-6493-3.
^ Wang Dezhi (2005). Origins of Constitutional Concepts in China. Shandong People's Publishing House. ISBN 978-7-209-03709-9.
^ Chinese Legal History. Shanghai People's Publishing House. 2003. ISBN 9787208047273.
^ Modern Chinese History Dictionary. Chinese Communist Party History Press. 1992. ISBN 978-7-80023-476-7.

[Xu2020-1] Xiaoqun Xu (2020). Heaven Has Eyes: A History of Chinese Law. Oxford University Press. pp. 110–. ISBN 978-0-19-006004-6.

[GillespieChen2010-2] John Gillespie; Albert H.Y. Chen (13 September 2010). Legal Reforms in China and Vietnam: A Comparison of Asian Communist Regimes. Routledge. pp. 197–. ISBN 978-1-136-97842-5.

[Judge1997-3] Joan Judge (1 March 1997). Print and Politics: 'Shibao' and the Culture of Reform in Late Qing China. Stanford University Press. pp. 295–. ISBN 978-0-8047-6493-3.

[Wang_Dezhi_2005-4] Wang Dezhi (2005). Origins of Constitutional Concepts in China. Shandong People's Publishing House. ISBN 978-7-209-03709-9.

[5] Chinese Legal History. Shanghai People's Publishing House. 2003. ISBN 9787208047273.

[6] Modern Chinese History Dictionary. Chinese Communist Party History Press. 1992. ISBN 978-7-80023-476-7.

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