Andijan

Andijan Andijon/Андижон Андижан
City
Above: Devonaboy Jome Mosque, Second: Statue of Z.M. Babur, Andhjan Chapel of Saint George, Third: Andijan State University, Zubayr Ibn Avvom Jame Mosque, Bottom: Panoramic view of Navoi Square (all relative items are left to right)
Andijan Location in Uzbekistan
Coordinates: 40°47′N 72°20′E / 40.783°N 72.333°E / 40.783; 72.333
Country	Uzbekistan
Region	Andijan Region
First mention	V-IV BC
Government
• Hokim	Bakhromjon Khaydarov
Area
• Total	74.3 km2 (28.7 sq mi)
Elevation	500 m (1,600 ft)
Population  (2022)
• Total	547,800
• Density	7,400/km2 (19,000/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+5 (UZT)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+5 (not observed)
Postal code	170100[1]
Area code	+998 74[1]
Website	www.andijan.uz

Andijan (sometimes spelled Andijon or Andizhan in English) (Uzbek: Andijon / Андижон / اندیجان; Persian: اندیجان, Andijân/Andīǰān; Russian: Андижан, Andižan) is a city in Uzbekistan. It is the administrative, economic, and cultural center of Andijan Region.^[2] Andijan is a district-level city with an area of 74 km² (29 sq mi).^[3] Andijan is the most densely populated city and it had 547,800 inhabitants in 2022.^[4] Andijan is located in a tense border region at the south-eastern edge of the Fergana Valley near Uzbekistan's border with Kyrgyzstan.^[5]

Andijan is one of the oldest cities in the Fergana Valley. In some parts of the city, archeologists have found items dating back to the 7th and 8th centuries. Historically, Andijan was an important city on the Silk Road.

The city is perhaps best known as the birthplace of Babur who, following a series of setbacks, finally succeeded in laying the basis for the Mughal dynasty in the Indian subcontinent and became the first Mughal emperor. Andijan also gained notoriety in 2005 when government forces opened fire on protestors, killing hundreds in what came to be known as the Andijan Massacre.

Andijan was developed into an important industrial city during the Soviet era. Manufactured goods produced in the city include chemicals, domestic appliances, electronics, foodstuffs, furniture, plows, pumps, shoes, spare parts for farming machines, various engineering tools, and wheelchairs.

Andijan experiences frequent seismic activity and was destroyed by a large earthquake in 1902.^[6] This was the worst earthquake to occur in Uzbekistan in the 20th century.^[7]