Bhojpuri language

Bhojpuri
Bhojpuri
भोजपुरी · 𑂦𑂷𑂔𑂣𑂳𑂩𑂲
	The word "Bhojpuri" in the Devanagari script
Native to	India and Nepal
Region	Bhojpur-Purvanchal
Ethnicity	Bhojpuriya
Native speakers	51 million, partial count (2011 census); (additional speakers counted under Hindi)
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Eastern Bihari Bhojpuri; ; ; ; ;
Early forms	Magadhi Prakrit Magadhan Apabhraṃśa Abahattha ; ;
Dialects	Northern Standard Bhojpuri; Western Standard Bhojpuri; Southern Standard Bhojpuri; Domra; Musahari; Caribbean Hindustani; · Trinidadian Hindustani; · Guyanese Hindustani; · Sarnami Hindoestani; Nagpuriya Bhojpuri; Fiji Hindi; Mauritian Bhojpuri; South African Bhojpuri (Naitali);
Writing system	Devanagari; Kaithi;
Official status
Official language in	Fiji (as Fiji Hindi)
Recognised minority; language in	India Jharkhand;
Regulated by	India Bihar (Bhojpuri Academy); Delhi (Maithili - Bhojpuri Academy, Delhi); Madhya Pradesh (Bhojpuri Sahitya Academy); ;
Language codes
ISO 639-2	bho
ISO 639-3	bho
Glottolog	bhoj1244
Linguasphere	59-AAF-sa
	Bhojpuri-speaking regions of India
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A speaker of Bhojpuri.

Bhojpuri (IPA: /ˌboʊdʒˈpʊəri/;^[6] Devanagari: भोजपुरी^ⓘ, Kaithi: 𑂦𑂷𑂔𑂣𑂳𑂩𑂲) is an Indo-Aryan language native to the Bhojpur-Purvanchal region of India and the Terai region of Nepal.^[7] It is chiefly spoken in eastern Uttar Pradesh, western Bihar and western Jharkhand in India as well as western Madhesh and eastern Lumbini in Nepal.^[6]^[8]^[9] It is an eastern Indo Aryan language and as of 2000^[update] it is spoken by about 5% of India's population.^[10] Bhojpuri is a descendant of Magadhi Prakrit and is related to Maithili, Magahi, Bangla, Odia, Assamese, and other eastern Indo-Aryan languages.^[11]

It is also a minority language in Fiji, Guyana, Mauritius, South Africa, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.^[12]^[13] Fiji Hindi, an official language of Fiji, is a variant of Awadhi and Bhojpuri spoken by the Indo-Fijians. Caribbean Hindustani, another variant of Bhojpuri is spoken by the Indo-Caribbean people.^[14] It has experienced lexical influence from Caribbean English in Trinidad and Tobago and in Guyana. In Suriname, languages that have lexically influenced it include Sranan Tongo Creole, Surinamese Dutch and English. Other dialects are spoken in Mauritius and South Africa, where its use is declining.

^ "Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues – 2011". www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
^ Oozeerally, Shameem (March 2013). "The Evolution of Mauritian Bhojpuri: an Ecological Analysis - Mauritius Institute of Education". Retrieved 1 September 2020. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ Rambilass, B. "NAITALI - SOUTH AFRICAN BHOJPURI" (PDF). indiandiasporacouncil.org. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
^ Sudhir Kumar Mishra (22 March 2018). "Bhojpuri, 3 more to get official tag". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 22 March 2018.
^ "New chairman of Bhojpuri Academy | Patna News - Times of India". The Times of India. 28 August 2010.
^ ^a ^b "Bhojpuri entry, Oxford Dictionaries". Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015.
^ Bhojpuri Ethnologue World Languages (2009)^{[circular reference]}
^ Experts, Arihant (1 February 2022). Jharkhand Sahivalye JGGLCCE Main Exam Paper 3 (General Knowledge) 2022. Arihant Publications India limited. ISBN 978-93-257-9990-5.
^ Gopal Thakur Lohar (4 June 2006). A Sociolinguistic Survey of the Bhojpuri Language in Nepal.
^ William J. Frawley, International Encyclopedia of Linguistics, Volume 1, ISBN 0-19-513977-1, Oxford University Press, Bhojpuri, page 481
^ Frawley, William (May 2003). International Encyclopedia of Linguistics: 4-Volume Set. Oxford University Press, USA. ISBN 978-0-19-513977-8.
^ Cite error: The named reference Rajend Mesthrie 1992, pages 30-32 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference ucla was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Hindustani, Caribbean Archived 13 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine Ethnologue (2013)

[1] "Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues – 2011". www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 7 July 2018.

[2] Oozeerally, Shameem (March 2013). "The Evolution of Mauritian Bhojpuri: an Ecological Analysis - Mauritius Institute of Education". Retrieved 1 September 2020. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[3] Rambilass, B. "NAITALI - SOUTH AFRICAN BHOJPURI" (PDF). indiandiasporacouncil.org. Retrieved 1 September 2020.

[telegraph_jharkhandbihar_official-4] Sudhir Kumar Mishra (22 March 2018). "Bhojpuri, 3 more to get official tag". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 22 March 2018.

[5] "New chairman of Bhojpuri Academy | Patna News - Times of India". The Times of India. 28 August 2010.

[oxford-6] "Bhojpuri entry, Oxford Dictionaries". Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015.

[eth2009-7] Bhojpuri Ethnologue World Languages (2009)^{[circular reference]}

[8] Experts, Arihant (1 February 2022). Jharkhand Sahivalye JGGLCCE Main Exam Paper 3 (General Knowledge) 2022. Arihant Publications India limited. ISBN 978-93-257-9990-5.

[9] Gopal Thakur Lohar (4 June 2006). A Sociolinguistic Survey of the Bhojpuri Language in Nepal.

[10] William J. Frawley, International Encyclopedia of Linguistics, Volume 1, ISBN 0-19-513977-1, Oxford University Press, Bhojpuri, page 481

[11] Frawley, William (May 2003). International Encyclopedia of Linguistics: 4-Volume Set. Oxford University Press, USA. ISBN 978-0-19-513977-8.

[Rajend_Mesthrie_1992,_pages_30-32-12] Cite error: The named reference Rajend Mesthrie 1992, pages 30-32 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[ucla-13] Cite error: The named reference ucla was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[14] Hindustani, Caribbean Archived 13 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine Ethnologue (2013)

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