Chronic cough

Chronic cough is long-term coughing, sometimes defined as more than several weeks or months. Generally a cough lasting for more than eight weeks for an adult would meet the clinical definition of a chronic cough;^{[1][2][3][4][5]} and for children this threshold is lower (some studies suggest that a chronic cough must persist upwards of three months).^[6] The term can be used to describe the different causes related to coughing, the three main ones being^{[dubious – discuss]} upper airway cough syndrome, asthma and gastroesophageal reflux disease. It occurs in the upper airway of the respiratory system. Generally, a cough lasts around one to two weeks; however, chronic cough can persist for an extended period of time defined as six weeks or longer. People with chronic cough often experience more than one cause present. Due to the nature of the syndrome, the treatments used are similar; however, there are a subsequent number of treatments available, and the clinical management of the patients remains a challenge.^[7] Risk factors include exposure to cigarette smoke, and exposure to pollution, especially particulates.