Demographics of Indonesia

Demographics of Indonesia
Population pyramid of Indonesia in 2020
Population	270,203,917 (2020 census)
Growth rate	0.79% (2022 est.)
Birth rate	15.32 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate	6.75 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Life expectancy	73.08 years
• male	70.86 years
• female	75.4 years
Fertility rate	2.18 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Infant mortality rate	19.73 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate	-0.71 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years	23.87%
15–64 years	68.31%
65 and over	7.82%
Sex ratio
Total	1 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
At birth	1.05 male(s)/female
Under 15	1.05 male(s)/female
65 and over	0.66 male(s)/female
Nationality
Nationality	Indonesian
Major ethnic	Over 1,300 ethnic groups
Language
Official	Indonesian
Spoken	Over 700 languages

The population of Indonesia was 270.20 million according to the 2020 national census, an increase from 237.64 million in 2010.^[1][2] The official estimate as at mid 2022 was 275,773,800, increasing at a rate of 1.17% per year.^[3] Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world. Approximately 55% of Indonesia's population resides on Java, which is the most populous island in the world.

Despite a fairly effective family planning program that has been in place since 1967,^[4] Indonesia's average population growth per year was over 1.1% for the decade ending in 2020, nearly having 13% population growth for that decade. At this rate, Indonesia's population is projected to surpass the population of the United States if the recent population growth continues.^[5]

Indonesia has a relatively young population compared to Western nations, though it is aging as the country's birth rate has slowed and its life expectancy has increased. The median age was 30.2 years in 2017.^[6] Indonesia includes numerous ethnic, cultural and linguistic groups, some of which are related to each other. Since independence, Indonesian is the language of most written communication, education, government, and business. Many local ethnic languages are the first language of most Indonesians and are still important.^{[citation needed]} Examples of local languages being Balinese, Gayo, and Taeʼ.