Duolingo

Duolingo, Inc.
	Duolingo home page visited while logged out in March 2024
Type of business	Public
Traded as	Nasdaq: DUOL (Class A); S&P 400 component;
Founded	2011
Headquarters	Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Area served	Worldwide
Founder(s)	Luis von Ahn; Severin Hacker;
CEO	Luis von Ahn
Industry	Online education
Products	Duolingo; Duolingo ABC; Duolingo English Test;
Services	Language, music, and mathematics courses and tests.
Revenue	US$531 million (2023)
Operating income	US$−13 million (2023)
Profit	US$16.1 million (2023)
Total assets	US$954 million (2023)
Total equity	US$656 million (2023)
Employees	‹See Tfd› ≈ 720 (December 2023)
URL	duolingo.com
Advertising	Yes
Registration	Yes
Users	88.4 million MAU (Q4 2023)
Launched	November 27, 2011 (private beta); June 19, 2012 (public release)
Current status	Online
Native client(s) on	Android, iOS

Duolingo, Inc.^[b] is an American educational technology company that produces learning apps and provides language certification. Duolingo offers courses on music,^[5] math,^[6] and 43 languages,^[7] ranging from English, French, and Spanish to less commonly studied languages such as Welsh and Irish.^[8] Other services include the Duolingo English Test, an online certification program, and Duolingo ABC, a literacy app for children. The company uses a freemium model, with its optional premium service, Super Duolingo, being ad-free and offering more features.

As of January 2024^[update], Duolingo was the world's most popular language learning app based on monthly downloads, with around 16.2 million users downloading it that month.^[9] A systematic review of research on Duolingo from 2012 to 2020 found comparatively few studies on the platform's efficacy for language learning, but the review identified several studies that reported relatively high user satisfaction and enjoyment and positive perceptions of the app's effectiveness.^[10]

Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

^ "Duolingo, Inc. 2023 Annual Report (Form 10-K)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. February 29, 2024. Retrieved March 1, 2024.
^ "Migrating Duolingo's Android app to 100% Kotlin". blog.duolingo.com. April 6, 2020. Archived from the original on December 23, 2020. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
^ "Real World Swift – Making Duolingo Blog". making.duolingo.com. January 7, 2015. Archived from the original on June 6, 2019. Retrieved October 22, 2018.
^ "Rewriting Duolingo's engine in Scala – Making Duolingo Blog". making.duolingo.com. January 31, 2017. Archived from the original on August 4, 2019. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
^ Ortiz, Sabrina. "Duolingo opens waitlist for its new, free music course. Here's how to sign up". ZDNET. Archived from the original on October 12, 2023. Retrieved October 11, 2023.
^ "Duolingo Team" (October 26, 2022). "Duolingo Math makes learning easy as pi(e)". Duolingo. Archived from the original on October 27, 2022. Retrieved October 27, 2022.
^ Cite error: The named reference :3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Higgins-Dunn, Noah (April 14, 2019). "If you are a 'Game of Thrones' fan, this app will teach you how to speak in High Valyrian". CNBC. Archived from the original on November 12, 2019. Retrieved May 23, 2022.
^ Ceci, Laura. "Top language learning apps by downloads 2023". Statista. Archived from the original on January 20, 2024. Retrieved October 6, 2023.
^ Shortt, Mitchell; Tilak, Shantanu; Kuznetcova, Irina; Martens, Bethany; Akinkuolie, Babatunde (March 4, 2023). "Gamification in mobile-assisted language learning: a systematic review of Duolingo literature from public release of 2012 to early 2020". Computer Assisted Language Learning. 36 (3): 517–554. doi:10.1080/09588221.2021.1933540. ISSN 0958-8221.

[10K-2] "Duolingo, Inc. 2023 Annual Report (Form 10-K)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. February 29, 2024. Retrieved March 1, 2024.

[kotlin-3] "Migrating Duolingo's Android app to 100% Kotlin". blog.duolingo.com. April 6, 2020. Archived from the original on December 23, 2020. Retrieved September 17, 2020.

[real_world_swift-4] "Real World Swift – Making Duolingo Blog". making.duolingo.com. January 7, 2015. Archived from the original on June 6, 2019. Retrieved October 22, 2018.

[making.duolingo.com-5] "Rewriting Duolingo's engine in Scala – Making Duolingo Blog". making.duolingo.com. January 31, 2017. Archived from the original on August 4, 2019. Retrieved February 1, 2017.

[7] Ortiz, Sabrina. "Duolingo opens waitlist for its new, free music course. Here's how to sign up". ZDNET. Archived from the original on October 12, 2023. Retrieved October 11, 2023.

[math-8] "Duolingo Team" (October 26, 2022). "Duolingo Math makes learning easy as pi(e)". Duolingo. Archived from the original on October 27, 2022. Retrieved October 27, 2022.

[:3-9] Cite error: The named reference :3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[10] Higgins-Dunn, Noah (April 14, 2019). "If you are a 'Game of Thrones' fan, this app will teach you how to speak in High Valyrian". CNBC. Archived from the original on November 12, 2019. Retrieved May 23, 2022.

[11] Ceci, Laura. "Top language learning apps by downloads 2023". Statista. Archived from the original on January 20, 2024. Retrieved October 6, 2023.

[12] Shortt, Mitchell; Tilak, Shantanu; Kuznetcova, Irina; Martens, Bethany; Akinkuolie, Babatunde (March 4, 2023). "Gamification in mobile-assisted language learning: a systematic review of Duolingo literature from public release of 2012 to early 2020". Computer Assisted Language Learning. 36 (3): 517–554. doi:10.1080/09588221.2021.1933540. ISSN 0958-8221.

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