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| Homelessness | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Houselessness, unhoused, unsheltered, out the front, destitute, deserted, vagrancy |
 | |
| A homeless man in Paris, France | |
| Specialty | Sociology |
| Symptoms | Lack of long-term shelter options which eventually culminates into further issues. |
| Complications | Mental illness, drug dependency, stress, anxiety, depression, disease or even death |
| Duration | Long-term |
| Causes | Drug dependency, domestic violence, lack of affordable housing or housing options, mental illness, sexual abuse, by choice (rare) |
| Prevention | Homeless shelters, affordable housing, drug rehabilitation services, outreach |
| Frequency | 100 million (2005 estimate) |
Homelessness or houselessness – also known as a state of being unhoused or unsheltered – is the condition of lacking stable, safe, and functional housing. The general category includes disparate situations, such as living on the streets, moving between temporary accommodation such as family or friends, living in boarding houses with no security of tenure,[1] and people who leave their domiciles because of civil conflict and are refugees within their country.
The legal status of homeless people varies from place to place.[2] United States government homeless enumeration studies[3][4] also include people who sleep in a public or private place, which is not designed for use as a regular sleeping accommodation for human beings.[5][6] Homelessness and poverty are interrelated.[1] There is no methodological consensus on counting homeless people and identifying their needs; therefore, in most cities, only estimated homeless populations are known.[7]
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In 2005, an estimated 100 million people worldwide were homeless, and as many as one billion people (one in 6.5 at the time) live as squatters, refugees, or in temporary shelters.[8][9][10] Unhoused persons who travel have been termed vagrants in the past; of those, persons looking for work are hobos, whereas those who don't are tramps. Bum is a general term of disparagement for a stationary homeless person.
- ^ a b Hanson-Easey, Scott; Every, Danielle; Tehan, Bridget; Richardson, John; Krackowizer, Antoinette (2016). "Climate change, housing and homelessness: Report on the homelessness and climate change forum (why are climate change and homelessness in the same category?)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 April 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2019.
- ^ "Glossary defining homelessness". Retrieved 17 September 2014.
- ^ Bogard, Cynthia J., "Advocacy and Enumeration: Counting Homeless People in a Suburban Community" Archived 25 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine, American Behavioral Scientist September 2001 vol. 45 no. 1 105–120
- ^ Gabbard, W. Jay; et al., "Methodological Issues in Enumerating Homeless Individuals", Journal of Social Distress and the Homeless Vol. 16, No. 2 / May 2007 90–103
- ^ Office of Applied Studies, United States Department of Health and Human Services, "Terminology" Archived 23 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "United States Code, Title 42, Chapter 119, Subchapter I, § 11302". Retrieved 17 September 2014.
- ^ Caves, R. W. (2004). Encyclopedia of the City. Routledge. p. 348.
- ^ Monte Leach. "A roof is not enough – a look at homelessness worldwide". Share-International.org. Archived from the original on 7 December 2017. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
- ^ "Global Homelessness Statistics". HomelessWorlCup.org. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
- ^ Young, Lloyd. "Homelessness around the world". The Boston Globe. 14 December 2011.
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