Al Smith

Al Smith
Smith c. 1920s
42nd Governor of New York
In office January 1, 1923 – December 31, 1928
Lieutenant	George R. Lunn Seymour Lowman Edwin Corning
Preceded by	Nathan L. Miller
Succeeded by	Franklin D. Roosevelt
In office January 1, 1919 – December 31, 1920
Lieutenant	Harry C. Walker
Preceded by	Charles S. Whitman
Succeeded by	Nathan L. Miller
8th President of the New York City Board of Aldermen
In office January 1, 1917 – December 31, 1918
Preceded by	Frank L. Dowling
Succeeded by	Robert L. Moran
Sheriff of New York County
In office January 1, 1916 – January 1, 1917
Preceded by	Max Samuel Grifenhagen
Succeeded by	David H. Knott
Member of the New York State Assembly from New York County's 2nd district
In office January 1, 1904 – December 31, 1915
Preceded by	Joseph Bourke
Succeeded by	Peter J. Hamill
Personal details
Born	Alfred Emanuel Smith (1873-12-30)December 30, 1873 New York City, U.S.
Died	October 4, 1944(1944-10-04) (aged 70) New York City, U.S.
Resting place	Calvary Cemetery
Political party	Democratic
Spouse	Catherine Dunn ​ ​ (m. 1900; died 1944)​
Children	5

This article is part of a series about Al Smith
Tammany Hall Empire State Building Governor of New York Elections 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 Long Island State Park Commission 1928 presidential campaign Primaries Convention Other campaigns for president: 1920 Convention 1924 primaries Convention 1932 primaries Convention Member of the New York State Assembly Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire investigative commission 1915 constitutional convention
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Alfred Emanuel Smith (December 30, 1873 – October 4, 1944) was an American politician who served four terms as the 42nd governor of New York and was the Democratic Party's presidential nominee in 1928.

The son of an Irish-American mother and a Civil War–veteran Italian-American father, Smith was raised on the Lower East Side of Manhattan near the Brooklyn Bridge. He resided in that neighborhood for his entire life. Although Smith remained personally untarnished by corruption, he—like many other New York Democrats—was linked to the notorious Tammany Hall political machine that controlled New York City politics during his era.^[1] Smith served in the New York State Assembly from 1904 to 1915 and held the position of Speaker of the Assembly in 1913. Smith also served as sheriff of New York County from 1916 to 1917. He was first elected governor of New York in 1918, lost his 1920 bid for re-election, and was elected governor again in 1922, 1924, and 1926. Smith was the foremost urban leader of the Efficiency Movement in the United States and was noted for achieving a wide range of reforms as the New York governor in the 1920s.

Smith was the first Roman Catholic to be nominated for president of the United States by a major party. His 1928 presidential candidacy mobilized both Catholic and anti-Catholic voters.^[2] Many Protestants (including German Lutherans and Southern Baptists) feared his candidacy, believing that the Pope in Rome would dictate his policies. Smith was also a committed "wet", which was a term used for opponents of Prohibition; as New York governor, he had repealed the state's prohibition law. As a "wet", Smith attracted voters who wanted beer, wine and liquor and did not like dealing with criminal bootleggers, along with voters who were outraged that new criminal gangs had taken over the streets in most large and medium-sized cities.^[3] Incumbent Republican Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover was aided by national prosperity, the absence of American involvement in war and anti-Catholic bigotry, and he defeated Smith in a landslide in 1928.

Smith then entered business in New York City, and became involved in the construction and promotion of the Empire State Building. He sought the 1932 Democratic presidential nomination but was defeated by Franklin D. Roosevelt, his former ally and successor as governor of New York. During the Roosevelt presidency, Smith became an increasingly vocal opponent of Roosevelt's New Deal.