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Andy Warhol

"Warhol" redirects here. For other uses, see Warhol (disambiguation) and Andy Warhol (disambiguation).

Andy Warhol
Warhol in 1980
Born
Andrew Warhola Jr.

(1928-08-06)August 6, 1928
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.
DiedFebruary 22, 1987(1987-02-22) (aged 58)
New York City, U.S.
Resting placeSt. John the Baptist Byzantine Catholic Cemetery, Bethel Park, Pennsylvania
EducationCarnegie Institute of Technology (Carnegie Mellon University)
Known forPrintmaking, painting, cinema, photography
Notable work
StylePop art, contemporary art
MovementPop art
Signature

Andy Warhol (/ˈwɔːrhɒl/;[1] born Andrew Warhola Jr.; August 6, 1928 – February 22, 1987) was an American visual artist, film director and producer. A leading figure in the pop art movement, Warhol is considered one of the most important American artists of the second half of the 20th century.[2][3][4] His works explore the relationship between artistic expression, advertising, and celebrity culture that flourished by the 1960s, and span a variety of media, including painting, silkscreening, photography, film, and sculpture. Some of his best-known works include the silkscreen paintings Campbell's Soup Cans (1962) and Marilyn Diptych (1962), the experimental films Empire (1964) and Chelsea Girls (1966), and the multimedia events known as the Exploding Plastic Inevitable (1966–67).

Born and raised in Pittsburgh, Warhol initially pursued a successful career as a commercial illustrator in the 1950s. After exhibiting his work in art galleries, he began to receive recognition as an influential and controversial artist in the 1960s. His New York studio, The Factory, became a well-known gathering place that brought together distinguished intellectuals, drag queens, playwrights, Bohemian street people, Hollywood celebrities and wealthy patrons.[5][6][7] He directed and produced several underground films starring a collection of personalities known as Warhol superstars, and is credited with inspiring the widely used expression "15 minutes of fame." Warhol managed and produced the experimental rock band the Velvet Underground. He also founded Interview and authored numerous books, including The Philosophy of Andy Warhol and Popism: The Warhol Sixties.

In June 1968, Warhol was almost killed by radical feminist Valerie Solanas, who shot him inside his studio.[8] After gallbladder surgery, Warhol died of cardiac arrhythmia in February 1987 at the age of 58 in New York.

Warhol has been the subject of numerous retrospective exhibitions, books, and feature and documentary films. The Andy Warhol Museum in his native city of Pittsburgh, which holds an extensive permanent collection of art and archives, is the largest museum in the United States dedicated to a single artist. Warhol has been described as the "bellwether of the art market".[9] Many of his creations are very collectible and highly valuable. His works include some of the most expensive paintings ever sold.[10] In 2013, a 1963 serigraph titled Silver Car Crash (Double Disaster) sold for $105 million. In 2022, Shot Sage Blue Marilyn (1964) sold for $195 million, which is the most expensive work of art sold at auction by an American artist.

  1. ^ Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary: "Warhol" Archived July 5, 2017, at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ Cotter, Holland (November 8, 2018). "Meet Warhol, Again, in This Brilliant Whitney Show". The New York Times. Retrieved April 1, 2024. He's the most important American artist of the second half of the 20th century.
  3. ^ Metcalf, Stephen (December 6, 2018). "Andy Warhol, Cold and Mute, Is the Perfect Artist for Our Times". The Atlantic. ISSN 2151-9463. Retrieved April 1, 2024. He's now widely regarded as the most important artist of the second half of the 20th century.
  4. ^ Acocella, Joan (June 1, 2020). "Untangling Andy Warhol". The New Yorker. ISSN 0028-792X. Retrieved April 1, 2024. There was no huger reputation than Warhol's in the art of the sixties, and in late-twentieth-century art there was no more important decade than the sixties. Much of the art that has followed, in the United States, is unthinkable without him (...)
  5. ^ Trebay, Guy; La Ferla, Ruth (November 12, 2018). "Tales From the Warhol Factory – In each of three successive spaces called the Factory, Andy Warhol created movies, paintings, time capsules and psychosexual dramas with a half-life of many decades. Here his collaborators recall the places, the times and the man". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 1, 2022. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
  6. ^ Pescovitz, David (November 12, 2018). "Memories from Warhol's Factory". Boing Boing. Archived from the original on November 13, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
  7. ^ Rosen, Miss (November 13, 2018). "Juicy Stories About What Andy Warhol Was Really Like – "Andy seemed to be floating through space. He had this magical energy and looked like nobody else."". Vice. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference Schaffner-1999 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ "The Pop master's highs and lows". The Economist. November 28, 2009. Retrieved February 3, 2021.
  10. ^ "Andy Warhol painting sells for $105M". Daily News. New York. November 13, 2013. Retrieved November 13, 2013.

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