Canadian Army

Canadian Army
Armée canadienne
Badge of the Canadian Army
Founded	19 May 1855 (1855-May-19)[1] (168 years, 343 days ago)[note 1][5]
Country	Canada[note 2]
Type	Army
Role	Land warfare
Size	44,000 (22,500 active personnel, 21,500 reserve personnel, and 5,300 Canadian Rangers)[6]
Part of	Canadian Armed Forces
Headquarters	National Defence Headquarters, Ottawa, Ontario
Motto(s)	Vigilamus pro te (Latin for 'We stand on guard for thee')[7]
Colours	Rifle green and gold
March	"The Great Little Army"
Mascot(s)	Juno the Bear[8]
Engagements	Fenian raids Red River Rebellion North-West Rebellion Second Boer War First World War Second World War Korean War Medak Pocket War in Afghanistan
Website	www.canada.ca/en/army.html
Commanders
Commander of the Canadian Army	Lieutenant-General Jocelyn Paul
Deputy Commander of the Canadian Army	Major-General Peter Scott
Canadian Army Sergeant Major	Chief Warrant Officer James Smith
Insignia
Flag

The Canadian Army (French: Armée canadienne) is the command responsible for the operational readiness of the conventional ground forces of the Canadian Armed Forces. It maintains regular forces units at bases across Canada, and is also responsible for the Army Reserve, the largest component of the Primary Reserve. The Army is headed by the Commander of the Canadian Army and Chief of the Army Staff, who is subordinate to the Chief of the Defence Staff. The Army is also supported by 3,000 civilian employees from the public service.

Formed in 1855, as the Active Militia, in response to the threat of the United States to the Province of Canada after the British garrison left for the Crimean War. This Militia was later subdivided into the Permanent Active Militia and the Non-Permanent Active Militia. Finally, in 1940, an order in council changed the name of the Active Militia to the Canadian Army.

On 1 April 1966, prior to the unification of the Canadian Armed Forces, the land forces were placed under a new command called Mobile Command (French: Commandement des forces mobiles).^[9] For two years following, the Army existed as a distinct legal entity before its amalgamation with the Royal Canadian Navy and the Royal Canadian Air Force to form the Canadian Armed Forces. In the 1990s, the command was renamed Land Force Command (French: Commandement des Forces terrestres), until it reverted to its original name in August 2011.^[10]

During its history, the Canadian Army has fought in a variety of conflicts, including in the North-West Rebellion, the Second Boer War, the First and Second World Wars, Korean War, and more recently with the Gulf War, and in the War in Afghanistan.

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