Demographics of Bolivia

Demographics of Bolivia
Bolivia population pyramid in 2020
Population	10,027,254 (2012)
Density	9.1 people/km2 (2012)
Growth rate	21.2% (2012)
Birth rate	19.1 per 1,000 pop. (2021 est.)
Death rate	7.3 per 1,000 pop. (2021 est.)
Life expectancy	68.87 years (2014)
• male	65.4 years (2013)
• female	71.1 years (2013)
Fertility rate	2.74 children born/woman (2019 est.)
Infant mortality rate	39.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2013)
Age structure
0–14 years	29.85% (2021 est.)
15–64 years	62.70% (2021 est.)
65 and over	7.45% (2021 est.)
Sex ratio
Total	0.99 male/female (2012)
Under 15	1.05 male/female (2012)
15–64 years	0.96 male/female (2012)
65 and over	0.88 male/female (2012)
Nationality
Nationality	noun: Bolivian(s), adjective: Bolivian
Major ethnic	Quechua 45.6%, Ayamara 42.4% (2012)
Minor ethnic	37 other ethnic groups (2012)
Language
Official	Spanish, Quechua, Aymara, Guarani, and 34 other native languages

The demographic characteristics of the population of Bolivia are known from censuses, with the first census undertaken in 1826 and the most recent in 2012. The National Institute of Statistics of Bolivia (INE) has performed this task since 1950. The population of Bolivia in 2012 reached 10 million for the first time in history. The population density is 9.13 inhabitants per square kilometer, and the overall life expectancy in Bolivia at birth is 68.2 years. The population has steadily risen from the late 1800s to the present time. The natural growth rate of the population is positive, which has been a continuing trend since the 1950s; in 2012, Bolivia's birth rate continued to be higher than the death rate. Bolivia is in the third stage of demographic transition. In terms of age structure, the population is dominated by the 15–64 segment. The median age of the population is 23.1, and the gender ratio of the total population is 0.99 males per female.

Bolivia is inhabited mostly by Mestizo, Quechua and Aymara, while minorities include 37 indigenous groups (0.3% average per group). Spanish, Quechua, Aymara, Guarani languages, as well as 34 other native languages are the official languages of Bolivia. Spanish is the most-spoken language (60.7%) within the population. The main religions of Bolivia are the Catholic Church (81.8%), Evangelicalism (11.5%), and Protestantism (2.6%). There is a literacy rate of 91.2%. An estimated 7.6% of the country's gross domestic product (GDP) is spent on education. The average monthly household income was Bs.1,378 ($293) in 1994. In December 2013 the unemployment rate was 3.2% of the working population. The average urbanization rate in Bolivia is 67%.