Demographics of Cuba

Demographics of Cuba
Cuba population pyramid (2020)
Population	11 089 511 (2022)
Density	261.3 hab./sq mi 100.9 hab./sq km (2022)
Growth rate	−0.79% (2002-2022)
Birth rate	16.0/1,000 inhabitants (2023 est.)
Death rate	9.2 deaths/1,000 inhabitants (2023 est.)
Life expectancy	78.0 years (2013 est.)
• male	75.8 years (2013 est.)
• female	80.4 years (2013 est.)
Fertility rate	1.45 children/women (2021 est.)
Infant mortality rate	4.76 deaths/1000 live births (2013 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years	15.74% (2021 est.)
15–64 years	68.53% (2021 est.)
65 and over	15.73% (2021 est.)
Sex ratio
Total	0.99 (2013 est.)
At birth	1.06 (2013 est.)
Under 15	1.06 (2013 est.)
15–64 years	1.01 (2013 est.)
65 and over	0.82 (2013 est.)
Nationality
Nationality	Cuban
Major ethnic	White (64.1%)[1]
Minor ethnic	Multiracial (26.6%) African (9.6%)
Language
Official	Spanish
Spoken	Lucumí

The demographic characteristics of Cuba are known through census which have been conducted and analyzed by different bureaus since 1774. The National Office of Statistics of Cuba (ONE) since 1953. The most recent census was conducted in September 2012. The population of Cuba at the 2012 census was nearly 11.2 million. The population density is 101 inhabitants per square kilometer, and the overall life expectancy in Cuba is 78.0 years. The population has always increased from one census to the next in the 20th century, with the exception of the 2012 census, when the count decreased by 10,000. Since 1740, Cuba's birth rate has surpassed its death rate; the natural growth rate of the country is positive. Cuba is in the fourth stage of demographic transition. In terms of age structure, the population is dominated (71.1%) by the 15- to 64-year-old segment. The median age of the population is 39.5, making it the oldest in the Americas, and the gender ratio of the total population is 0.99 males per female.