Disini v. Secretary of Justice

Disini v. Secretary of Justice
Disini v. Secretary of Justice
Court	Supreme Court of the Philippines en banc
Full case name
	Jose Jesus M. Disini, Jr., Rowena S. Disini, Lianne Ivy P. Medina, Janette Toral and Ernesto Sonido, Jr., vs. the Secretary of Justice, the Secretary of the Department of the Interior and Local Government, the Executive Director of the Information and Communications Technology Office, the Chief of the Philippine National Police and the Director of the National Bureau of Investigation
Fourteen consolidated petitions
	Louis "Barok" C. Biraogo v. National Bureau of Investigation and Philippine National Police (G.R. No. 203299) Alab ng Mamamahayag (Alam), Hukuman ng Mamamayan Movement, Inc., Jerry S. Yap, Berteni "Toto" Causing, Hernani Q. Cuare, Percy Lapid, Tracy Cabrera, Ronaldo E. Renta, Cirilo P. Sabarre, Jr., Dervin Castro, et al., v. Office of the President, represented by President Benigno Simeon Aquino III, Senate of the Philippines, and House of Representatives (G.R. No. 203306) Sen. Teofisto Guingona III v. Executive Secretary, the Secretary of Justice, the Secretary of the Department of Interior and Local Government, the Chief of the Philippine National Police, and Director of the National Bureau of Investigation (G.R. No. 203359) Alexander Adonis, Ellen Tordesillas, Ma. Gisela Ordenes-Cascolan, H. Harry L. Roque, Jr., Romel R. Bagares, and Gilbert T. Andres v. the Executive Secretary, the Department of Budget and Management, the Department of Justice, the Department of the Interior and Local Government, the National Bureau of Investigation, the Philippine National Police, and the Information and Communications Technology Office-Department of Science and Technology (G.R. No. 203378) Hon. Raymond V. Palatino, Hon. Antonio Tinio, Vencer Mari Crisostomo of Anakbayan, Ma. Katherine Elona of the Philippine Collegian, Isabelle Therese Baguisi of the National Union of Students of the Philippines, et al. v. Paquito N. Ochoa, Jr., in his capacity as Executive Secretary and Alter-Ego of President Benigno Simeon Aquino III, and Leila de Lima in her capacity as Secretary of Justice (G.R. No. 203391) Bagong Alyansang Makabayan Secretary General Renato M. Reyes, Jr., National Artist Bienvenido L. Lumbera, Chairperson of Concerned Artists of the Philippines, Elmer C. Labog, Chairperson of Kilusang Mayo Uno, Cristina E. Palabay, Secretary General of Karapatan, Ferdinand R. Gaite, Chairperson of Courage, Joel B. Maglunsod, Vice President of Anakpawis Party-List, Lana R. Linaban, Secretary General Gabriela Women's Party, Adolfo Ares P. Gutierrez, and Julius Garcia Matibag v. Benigno Simeon C. Aquino III, President of the Republic of the Philippines, Paquito N. Ochoa, Jr., Executive Secretary, Senate of the Philippines, represented by Senate President Juan Ponce Enrile, House of Representatives, represented by Speaker Feliciano Belmonte, Jr., Leila de Lima, Secretary of the Department of Justice, Louis Napoleon C. Casambre, Executive Director of the Information and Communications Technology Office, Nonnatus Caesar R. Rojas, Director of the National Bureau of Investigation, D/Gen. Nicanor A. Bartolome, Chief of the Philippine National Police, Manuel A. Roxas II, Secretary of the Department of the Interior and Local Government (G.R. No. 203407) Melencio S. Sta. Maria, Sedfrey M. Candelaria, Amparita Sta. Maria, Ray Paolo J. Santiago, Gilbert V. Sembrano, and Ryan Jeremiah D. Quan (all of the Ateneo Human Rights Center) v. Honorable Paquito Ochoa in his capacity as Executive Secretary, Honorable Leila de Lima in her capacity as Secretary of Justice, Honorable Manuel Roxas in his capacity as Secretary of the Department of Interior and Local Government, the Chief of the Philippine National Police, the Director of the National Bureau of Investigation (all of the Executive Department of Government) (G.R. No. 203440) National Union of Journalists of the Philippines, Philippine Press Institute, Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility, Rowena Carranza Paraan, Melinda Quintos-De Jesus, Joseph Alwyn Alburo, Ariel Sebellino and the Petitioners in the ePetition http://www.nujp.org/no-to-ra10175/ v. the Executive Secretary, the Secretary of Justice, the Secretary of the Interior and Local Government, the Secretary of Budget and Management, the Director General of the Philippine National Police, the Director of the National Bureau of Investigation, the Cybercrime Investigation and Coordinating Center, and all Agencies and Instrumentalities of Government and all Persons Acting Under their Instructions, Orders, Direction in Relation to the Implementation of Republic Act No. 10175 (G.R. No. 203453) Paul Cornelius T. Castillo and Ryan D. Andres v. the Hon. Secretary of Justice and the Hon. Secretary of Interior and Local Government (G.R. No. 203454) Anthony Ian M. Cruz; Marcelo R. Landicho; Benjamin Noel A. Espina; Marck Ronald C. Rimorin; Julius D. Rocas; Oliver Richard V. Robillo; Aaron Erick A. Lozada; Gerard Adrian P. Magnaye; Jose Reginald A. Ramos; Ma. Rosario T. Juan; Brendalyn P. Ramirez; Maureen A. Hermitanio; Kristine Joy S. Rementilla; Maricel O. Gray; Julius Ivan F. Cabigon; Benralph S. Yu; Cebu Bloggers Society, Inc. President Ruben B. Licera, Jr; and Pinoy Expat/OFW Blog Awards, Inc. Coordinator Pedro E. Rahon v. his Excellency Benigno S. Aquino III, in his capacity as President of the Republic of the Philippines; Senate of the Philippines, represented by Hon. Juan Ponce Enrile, in his capacity as Senate President; House of Representatives, represented by Feliciano R. Belmonte, Jr., in his capacity as Speaker of the House of Representatives; Hon. Paquito N. Ochoa, Jr., in his capacity as Executive Secretary; Hon. Leila M. de Lima, in her capacity as Secretary of Justice; Hon. Louis Napoleon C. Casambre, in his capacity as Executive Director, Information and Communications Technology Office; Hon. Nonnatus Caesar R. Rojas, in his capacity as Director, National Bureau of Investigation; and P/DGen. Nicanor A. Bartolome, in his capacity as Chief, Philippine National Police (G.R. No. 203469) Philippine Bar Association, Inc. v. His Excellency Benigno S. Aquino III, in his official capacity as President of the Republic of the Philippines; Hon. Paquito N. Ochoa, Jr., in his official capacity as Executive Secretary; Hon. Leila M. de Lima, in her official capacity as Secretary of Justice; Louis Napoleon C. Casambre, in his official capacity as Executive Director, Information and Communications Technology Office; Nonnatus Caesar R. Rojas, in his official capacity as Director of the National Bureau of Investigation; and Director General Nicanor A. Bartolome, in his official capacity as Chief of the Philippine National Police (G.R. No. 203501) Bayan Muna Rep. Neri J. Colmenares v. The Executive Secretary Paquito Ochoa, Jr. (G.R. No. 203509) National Press Club of the Philippines, Inc. represented by Benny D. Antiporda in his capacity as President and in his personal capacity v. Office of the President, Pres. Benigno Simeon Aquino III, Department of Justice, Department of Interior and Local Government, Philippine National Police, National Bureau of Investigation, Department of Budget and Management and all Other Government Instrumentalities who have Hands in the Passage and/or Implementation of Republic Act 10175 (G.R. No. 203515) Philippine Internet Freedom Alliance, composed of Dakila–Philippine Collective for Modern Heroism, represented by Leni Velasco, Partido Lakas Ng Masa, represented by Cesar S. Melencio, Francis Euston R. Acero, Marlon Anthony Romasanta Tonson, Teodoro A. Casiño, Noemi Lardizabal-Dado, Imelda Orales, James Matthew B. Miraflor, Juan G.M. Ragragio, Maria Fatima A. Villena, Medardo M. Manrique, Jr., Lauren Dado, Marco Vittoria Tobias Sumayao, Irene Chia, Erastus Noel T. Delizo, Cristina Sarah E. Osorio, Romeo Factolerin, Naomi L. Tupas, Kenneth Keng, Ana Alexandra C. Castro v. The Executive Secretary, the Secretary of Justice, the Secretary of Interior and Local Government, the Secretary of Science and Technology, the Executive Director of the Information Technology Office, the Director of the National Bureau of Investigation, the Chief, Philippine National Police, the Head of the Doj Office of Cybercrime, and the Other Members of the Cybercrime Investigation and Coordinating Center (G.R. No. 203518)
Decided	February 18, 2014
Citation	727 Phil. 28
Case history
Prior action(s)	None, Supreme Court was first instance of all fifteen consolidated petitions
Subsequent action(s)	Motion for reconsideration denied April 22, 2014
Case opinions
	Majority: 12; Roberto Abad (ponente), Maria Lourdes Sereno (also filed concurrence), Antonio Carpio (also filed concurrence), Teresita Leonardo-De Castro, Diosdado Peralta, Mariano del Castillo, Jose Portugal Perez, Bienvenido Reyes, Arturo Brion (also filed concurrence, but dissented at time of reconsideration), Lucas Bersamin, Martin Villarama Jr., Jose Catral Mendoza (joined Brion's concurrence); Dissented: 1; Marvic Leonen; Abstained: 1; Estela Perlas-Bernabe; Recused: 1; Presbitero Velasco Jr.
Court membership
Chief Justice	Maria Lourdes Sereno

Disini v. Secretary of Justice, 727 Phil. 28 (2014), is a landmark ruling of the Supreme Court of the Philippines handed down on February 18, 2014. When the Congress of the Philippines passed the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 the bill was immediately controversial, especially its strict penalties for the new crime of "cyberlibel",^[2]^[3] an upgraded form of the already existing criminal libel charge found in the Revised Penal Code of the Philippines.^[4]

In the end, the Court declared that most of the law, including the cyberlibel provision, was constitutional.^[5] The ruling's abridgement of free expression has been widely criticized by critics of the law,^[6]^[7] including then attorney Harry Roque.^[8] The decision reached in Disini paved the way for the anti-fake news provisions of the Bayanihan to Heal as One Act.^[9]

^ Cite error: The named reference DisinivSecretary2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Gonzales, Iris (November 2, 2012). "Filipino law is 'cyber authoritarianism'". New Internationalist. Retrieved June 5, 2020.
^ Jennings, Ralph (April 24, 2020). "Rare Cyber Libel Case Tests Fragile Media Freedoms in Philippines". Voice of America. Retrieved June 5, 2020.
^ La Viña, Tony (March 4, 2014). "Ending criminal libel". Manila Standard. Retrieved June 5, 2020.^{[permanent dead link]}
^ Cite error: The named reference gmanetwork.com was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Patajo-Kapunan, Lorna (October 16, 2017). "Decriminalizing libel". BusinessMirror. Retrieved June 6, 2020.
^ Dean Tony La Viña (February 27, 2014). "The future of libel". Rappler. Retrieved June 6, 2020.
^ Roque, Harry (March 2, 2014). "High court on libel: Lost in overbreadth". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved June 6, 2020.
^ Patag, Kristine Joy (March 25, 2020). "During state of emergency, 'Bayanihan' Act allows imprisonment for 'false information'". The Philippine Star. Retrieved June 6, 2020.

[DisinivSecretary2-1] Cite error: The named reference DisinivSecretary2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[2] Gonzales, Iris (November 2, 2012). "Filipino law is 'cyber authoritarianism'". New Internationalist. Retrieved June 5, 2020.

[:1-3] Jennings, Ralph (April 24, 2020). "Rare Cyber Libel Case Tests Fragile Media Freedoms in Philippines". Voice of America. Retrieved June 5, 2020.

[4] La Viña, Tony (March 4, 2014). "Ending criminal libel". Manila Standard. Retrieved June 5, 2020.^{[permanent dead link]}

[gmanetwork.com-5] Cite error: The named reference gmanetwork.com was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[6] Patajo-Kapunan, Lorna (October 16, 2017). "Decriminalizing libel". BusinessMirror. Retrieved June 6, 2020.

[:0-7] Dean Tony La Viña (February 27, 2014). "The future of libel". Rappler. Retrieved June 6, 2020.

[8] Roque, Harry (March 2, 2014). "High court on libel: Lost in overbreadth". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved June 6, 2020.

[9] Patag, Kristine Joy (March 25, 2020). "During state of emergency, 'Bayanihan' Act allows imprisonment for 'false information'". The Philippine Star. Retrieved June 6, 2020.

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