Governor-General of South Africa

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Governor-General of the Union of South Africa
Goewerneur-generaal van die Unie van Suid-Afrika (Afrikaans) Goeverneur-generaal van de Unie van Zuid-Afrika (Dutch)
Coat of arms of South Africa
Flag of the governor-general
Viceregal
Style	His Excellency
Status	Abolished
Residence	Government House
Appointer	Monarch of South Africa
Constituting instrument	South Africa Act 1909
Formation	31 May 1910
First holder	The Viscount Gladstone
Final holder	Charles Robberts Swart
Abolished	31 May 1961

The governor-general of the Union of South Africa (Afrikaans: Goewerneur-generaal van Unie van Suid-Afrika; Dutch: Goeverneur-generaal van de Unie van Zuid-Afrika^[a]) was the highest state official in the Union of South Africa between 31 May 1910 and 31 May 1961. The Union of South Africa was founded as a self-governing Dominion of the British Empire in 1910 and the office of governor-general was established as the representative of the monarch. Fifty-one years later the country declared itself a republic and the historic link with the British monarchy was broken. The office of governor-general was abolished.

Some of the first holders of the post were members of the British royal family including Prince Arthur of Connaught between 1920 and 1924, and the Earl of Athlone, who served between 1924 and 1931, before becoming the governor general of Canada. As in other Dominions, this would change, and from 1943 onward only South Africans (in fact, only Afrikaners) held the office.

The office was established by the South Africa Act 1909. Although the governor-general was nominally the country's chief executive, in practice he was bound by convention to act on the advice of the prime minister and the cabinet of South Africa.
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