Back جيمس ويلكنسون (ضابط) Arabic James Wilkinson (Politiker, 1757) German James Wilkinson Esperanto James Wilkinson Spanish James Wilkinson Finnish James Wilkinson French James Wilkinson (politico) Italian 제임스 윌킨슨 Korean James Wilkinson Dutch James Wilkinson Portuguese

James Wilkinson

This article is about the American general. For other uses, see James Wilkinson (disambiguation).
James Wilkinson
Portrait of Wilkinson by Charles Willson Peale, 1797
6th and 9th Senior Officer of the United States Army
In office
June 15, 1800 – January 27, 1812
PresidentJohn Adams
Thomas Jefferson
James Madison
Preceded byAlexander Hamilton
Succeeded byHenry Dearborn
In office
December 15, 1796 – July 13, 1798
PresidentGeorge Washington
John Adams
Preceded byAnthony Wayne
Succeeded byGeorge Washington
1st Governor of Louisiana Territory
In office
July 4, 1805 – March 3, 1807
PresidentThomas Jefferson
Preceded byWilliam Henry Harrison (as Governor of the District of Louisiana)
Succeeded byMeriwether Lewis
United States Envoy to Mexico
In office
1816–1825
PresidentJames Madison
James Monroe
John Quincy Adams
Preceded byJohn H. Robinson
Succeeded byJoel Roberts Poinsett
Personal details
BornMarch 24, 1757 (1757-03-24)
Charles County, Province of Maryland, British America
DiedDecember 28, 1825 (1825-12-29) (aged 68)
Mexico City, Mexican Republic
Resting placeChurch of San Miguel Arcángel, Mexico City, Mexico
Political partyDemocratic-Republican[1]
Spouses
​
​
(m. 1778; died 1807)​
Celestine Laveau Trudeau
​
​
(m. 1810)​
Children6
Signature
Military service
Allegiance United States of America
Branch/serviceContinental Army
United States Army
RankBrigadier General
Battles/warsAmerican Revolutionary War
War of 1812

James Wilkinson (March 24, 1757 – December 28, 1825) was an American soldier, politician, and double agent who was associated with several scandals and controversies.[2]

He served in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, but he was twice compelled to resign. He was twice the Senior Officer of the U.S. Army, appointed to be the first Governor of the Louisiana Territory in 1805,[3] and commanded two unsuccessful campaigns in the St. Lawrence River theater during the War of 1812. He died while seeking to serve as a diplomat in Mexico City.

In 1854, following extensive archival research in the Spanish archives in Madrid, Louisiana historian Charles Gayarré exposed Wilkinson as having been a highly paid spy in the service of the Spanish Empire.[4] In the years since Gayarré's research became public, Wilkinson has been savagely condemned by American historians and politicians. According to President Theodore Roosevelt, "[I]n all our history, there is no more despicable character."[5] However, he has been defended, especially in breaking up the Burr conspiracy.[6]

  1. ^ Montgomery, M.R. (2000). Jefferson and the Gun-Men: How the West Was Almost Lost. New York, NY: Random House. p. 284. ISBN 978-0-609-80710-1.
  2. ^ Linklater, Andro (2009). An Artist in Treason: The Extraordinary Double Life of General James Wilkinson. Walker Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-8027-1720-7.
  3. ^ Bell, William Gardner (2005). "James Wilkinson". Commanding Generals and Chiefs of Staff: Portraits and Biographical Sketchs. United States Army Center of Military History. pp. 64–65. Archived from the original on 2021-04-10. Retrieved 2010-06-14.
  4. ^ "The Man Who Double-Crossed The Founders". Morning Edition. NPR. Retrieved 2017-04-04.
  5. ^ Stewart, David O. (2011). American Emperor. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster. p. 299. ISBN 978-1-4391-5718-3.
  6. ^ John Thornton Posey, "Rascality Revisited: In Defense of General James Wilkinson." Filson Club Historical Quarterly 74 (2000): 309-52.

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