Mary Surratt

Mary Surratt
Surratt, c. 1860-65
Born	Mary Elizabeth Jenkins 1820 or May 1823 Waterloo, Maryland, U.S.
Died	(1865-07-07)July 7, 1865 (aged 42 or 45) Arsenal Penitentiary, Fort McNair, Washington, D.C., U.S.
Cause of death	Execution by hanging
Resting place	Mount Olivet Cemetery
Nationality	American
Occupation(s)	Boarding house and tavern owner
Known for	Being convicted as a conspirator in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln
Criminal status	Executed (July 7, 1865; 158 years ago (1865-07-07))
Spouse	John Harrison Surratt ​ ​ (m. 1840; died 1862)​
Children	Isaac (b. 1841; died 1907) Elizabeth Susanna "Anna" (b. 1843; died 1904) John Jr. (b. 1844; died 1916)
Conviction(s)	Conspiracy to assassinate Abraham Lincoln
Criminal penalty	Death
Partner(s)	John Wilkes Booth Lewis Powell George Atzerodt David Herold John Surratt
Date apprehended	April 17, 1865

Mary Elizabeth Jenkins Surratt^[1][2][3] (1820 or May 1823 – July 7, 1865) was an American boarding house owner in Washington, D.C., who was convicted of taking part in the conspiracy which led to the assassination of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln in 1865. Sentenced to death, she was hanged and became the first woman executed by the U.S. federal government. She maintained her innocence until her death, and the case against her was and remains controversial. Surratt was the mother of John Surratt, who was later tried in the conspiracy, but was not convicted.

Born in Maryland in the 1820s, Surratt converted to Catholicism at a young age and remained a practicing Catholic for the rest of her life. She wed John Harrison Surratt in 1840 and had three children with him. An entrepreneur, John became the owner of a tavern, an inn, and a hotel. The Surratts were sympathetic to the Confederate States of America and often hosted fellow Confederate sympathizers at their tavern.

Upon her husband's death in 1862, Surratt had to manage his estate. Tired of doing so without help, Surratt moved to her townhouse in Washington, D.C., which she then ran as a boardinghouse. There, she was introduced to John Wilkes Booth. Booth visited the boardinghouse numerous times, as did George Atzerodt and Lewis Powell, Booth's co-conspirators in the Lincoln assassination. Shortly before killing Lincoln, Booth spoke with Surratt and handed her a package containing binoculars for one of her tenants, John M. Lloyd.

After Lincoln was assassinated, Surratt was arrested, then tried by a military tribunal the following month, along with the other conspirators. She was convicted primarily due to the testimonies of Lloyd, who said that she told him to have the "shooting irons" ready, and Louis J. Weichmann, who testified about Surratt's relationships with Booth. Five of the nine judges at her trial asked that Surratt be granted clemency by President Andrew Johnson because of her age and sex. Johnson did not grant her clemency, though accounts differ as to whether or not he received the clemency request. Surratt was hanged on July 7, 1865, and later buried in Mount Olivet Cemetery.