Back عملية العزم الصلب Arabic Аперацыя «Непахісная рашучасць» Byelorussian Operation Inherent Resolve Danish Operation Inherent Resolve German Operación Resolución Inherente Spanish عملیات عزم راسخ Persian Opération Inherent Resolve French מבצע נחישות טבועה HE Inherent Resolve hadművelet Hungarian Անսասան վճռականություն Armenian

Operation Inherent Resolve

Operation Inherent Resolve
Part of the international military intervention against the Islamic State and the War on terror

U.S. Navy F/A-18F Super Hornets of VFA-22 take off from USS Carl Vinson to support U.S. efforts for Operation Inherent Resolve in October 2014.
Date15 June 2014 – present
(9 years, 10 months and 4 days)
  • Iraq: 15 June 2014 – 9 December 2021
  • Syria: 22 September 2014 – present
  • Libya: 13 November 2015 – 30 October 2019
Location
  • Iraq
  • Syria
  • Libya
    • Status

    Ongoing

    • Territorial defeat of ISIL in Iraq on 9 December 2017
    • Territorial defeat of ISIL in Syria on 23 March 2019
    • ISIL defeated in Libya
    • 110,000 square kilometers containing 7.7 million people captured from the Islamic State by U.S.-allied ground forces
    Belligerents

     United States

     Islamic State[1][2][3]

    al-Qaeda

    Turkistan Islamic Party[8]

    Islamic Front (2013-2015)

    Syrian Salvation Government (2017-present)

    Commanders and leaders

    Joe Biden
    (President, 2021-present)
    Donald Trump (President, 2017–2021)
    Barack Obama (President, 2014–2017)
    General Lloyd Austin (CENTCOM Commander, 2014–2016)
    (Secretary of Defense, 2021–present)

    Mark Esper (Secretary of Defense, 2019 –2020)
    James Mattis (Secretary of Defense, 2017 – 2018)
    Ashton Carter (Secretary of Defense, 2015–2017)
    Chuck Hagel (Secretary of Defense, 2014–2015)
    General Kenneth F. McKenzie Jr. (CENTCOM Commander, 2019–present)
    General Joseph Votel (CENTCOM Commander, 2016 – 2019)
    Lieutenant General Robert P. White
    Commanding General Combined Joint Task Force - Operation Inherent Resolve, 2019–2020
    Major General Kevin M. Copsey[10]
    (Deputy Commander-Stability CJTF-OIR)
    Lieutenant General Alexus G. Grynkewich
    (Deputy Commander-Operations and Intelligence CJTF-OIR)
    Major General Matthew McFarlane (Commander of CJTF-OIR, 2022–2023)
    Major General Joel ‘JB’ Vowell (Commander of CJTF-OIR, 2023–present)

    Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi † (Former leader of IS)[11][12]
    Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi †[13] (Former leader of IS)
    Islamic State Abu Alaa Afri †
    (Deputy Leader of IS)[14]
    Islamic State Abu Mohammad al-Adnani † (Spokesperson)
    Abu Ayman al-Iraqi † (Head of Military Shura)[15]
    Abu Muslim al-Turkmani † (Deputy Leader, Iraq)[16]
    Abu Ali al-Anbari † (Deputy Leader, Syria)
    Abu Omar al-Shishani † (Field commander in Syria)[17][18]

    Abu Khayr al-Masri † (al-Qaeda deputy leader)[19]
    Abu Mohammad al-Julani (Leader of the al-Nusra Front))
    Abu Humam al-Shami †
    (al-Nusra Military Chief and Leader of Hurras al-Din)[20]
    Mohammed Islambouli (Leader of Khorasan)[21]
    Muhsin al-Fadhli † (Leader of Khorasan)[22]
    David Drugeon † (chief bombmaker)[23]

    Abu Yahia al-Hamawi (Emir of Ahrar al-Sham (2015–2017))[24]
    Abu Jaber Shaykh (Emir of Ahrar al-Sham (2014-2015); Emir of Tahrir al-Sham (2017))[25][26]

    Abu Mohammad al-Julani (Emir of Tahrir al-Sham (2017–present))
    Units involved

    Elements of:

    Islamic State Military of IS

    Strength
    United States:

    Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant:

    al-Qaeda:

    • Khorasan: 50[67]
    • Jund al-Aqsa: 2,100[6]

    Islamic Front

    Syrian Salvation Government

    Casualties and losses

     United States

    Islamic State Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant:

    • 80,000+ killed by American and allied airstrikes[85]
    • 32,000+ targets destroyed or damaged (as of 30 September 2016)[86]
      • 164 tanks
      • 388 HMMWVs
      • 2,638 pieces of oil infrastructure
      • 1,000+ fuel tanker trucks[87]
      • 2,000+ pick-up trucks, VBIEDs, and other vehicles

    (per coalition)

    al-Qaeda:

    Islamic Front

    • Ahrar ash-Sham:

    3 killed[88][90][91]
    Syrian Salvation Government:

    • Tahrir al-Sham:
      6 killed[92]

    Tens of thousands of civilians killed by IS (per Iraqi Body Count and SOHR)[93][94]
    Between 8,214 and 13,125 civilians killed by Coalition airstrikes in Syria and Iraq (per Airwars)[95]
    1,335 civilians killed by Coalition Operations (per Coalition)[95]

    Over 970,000 civilians in Iraq and Syria displaced, or fled to Turkey and other countries[96][97][98][99]
    U.S. soldiers from Alpha Company, 1st Battalion, 6th Infantry Regiment, 2nd Armored Brigade Combat Team, 1st Armored Division in Syria during Operation Inherent Resolve, 23 November 2020

    Operation Inherent Resolve (OIR) is the United States military's operational name for the international war against the Islamic State (IS),[100] including both a campaign in Iraq and a campaign in Syria, with a closely related campaign in Libya. Through 18 September 2018, the U.S. Army's III Armored Corps was responsible for Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve (CJTF—OIR) and were replaced by the XVIII Airborne Corps.[101] The campaign is primarily waged by American and British forces in support of local allies, most prominently the Iraqi security forces and Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF). Combat ground troops, mostly special forces, infantry, and artillery have also been deployed, especially in Iraq. Of the airstrikes, 70% have been conducted by the military of the United States, 20% by the United Kingdom and the remaining 10% being carried out by France, Turkey, Canada, the Netherlands, Denmark, Belgium, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Australia and Jordan.[102]

    According to the Pentagon, by March 2019, the day of the territorial defeat in Syria of IS, CJTF-OIR and its partner forces had liberated nearly 110,000 square kilometers (42,471 square miles) of land and 7.7 million people from IS, the vast majority of the self-proclaimed caliphate's territory and subjects.[103] By October 2017, around the time of IS's territorial defeat in Iraq, CJTF-OIR claimed that around 80,000 IS militants had been killed by it and its allies (excluding those targeted by Russian and Syrian Air Force strikes). By the end of August 2019, it had conducted 34,573 strikes.[85][104][105] Tens of thousands more were killed by partner forces on the ground (the SDF alone claimed to have killed 25,336 IS fighters by the end of 2017).[106]

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    105. ^ Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
    106. ^ See Syrian Kurdish-Islamist conflict for complete references.

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