Numismatics is the study or collection of currency, including coins, tokens, paper money, medals and related objects.
Specialists, known as numismatists, are often characterized as students or collectors of coins, but the discipline also includes the broader study of money and other means of payment used to resolve debts and exchange goods.
The earliest forms of money used by people are categorised by collectors as "odd and curious", but the use of other goods in barter exchange is excluded, even where used as a circulating currency (e.g., cigarettes or instant noodles in prison). As an example, the Kyrgyz people used horses as the principal currency unit, and gave small change in lambskins; the lambskins may be suitable for numismatic study, but the horses are not.[dubious ] Many objects have been used for centuries, such as cowry shells, precious metals, cocoa beans, large stones, and gems. (Full article...)
The British decimal fifty pence coin (often shortened to 50p in writing and speech) is a denomination of sterling coinage worth 1⁄2 of one pound. Its obverse features the profile of the current Monarch since the coin's introduction in 1969. , five different royal portraits have been used.
there were an estimated 920 million 50p coins in circulation. The coin has proved popular with coin collectors leading to numerous differing designs for both commemorative and circulating coins. (Full article...)Money - Coins - Banknotes - Electronic money - Exchange rate - Legal tender - Clubs - Terminology
Ancient currency: Asia - Byzantium - Greece - Primitive Money - Roman - Indian coinage
Modern currency: Africa - The Americas - Asia and the Pacific - Europe - Bullion coins - Challenge coin - Commemorative coins - Token coins
Economics: Banking - Bonds - Cheques - Credit Cards - Fiat currency - Gold standard - Mints - Monetary union - Reserve currency - Stocks
Production: Coining (machining) - Designers - Die making - Mint (coin) • Coinage Metals: Aluminum - Bronze - Copper - Gold - Platinum - Silver - Tin
Rank | Currency | ISO 4217 code |
Symbol or abbreviation |
Proportion of daily volume | Change (2019–2022) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
April 2019 | April 2022 | |||||
1 | U.S. dollar | USD | US$ | 88.3% | 88.5% | 0.2pp |
2 | Euro | EUR | € | 32.3% | 30.5% | 1.8pp |
3 | Japanese yen | JPY | ¥ / 円 | 16.8% | 16.7% | 0.1pp |
4 | Sterling | GBP | £ | 12.8% | 12.9% | 0.1pp |
5 | Renminbi | CNY | ¥ / 元 | 4.3% | 7.0% | 2.7pp |
6 | Australian dollar | AUD | A$ | 6.8% | 6.4% | 0.4pp |
7 | Canadian dollar | CAD | C$ | 5.0% | 6.2% | 1.2pp |
8 | Swiss franc | CHF | CHF | 4.9% | 5.2% | 0.3pp |
9 | Hong Kong dollar | HKD | HK$ | 3.5% | 2.6% | 0.9pp |
10 | Singapore dollar | SGD | S$ | 1.8% | 2.4% | 0.6pp |
11 | Swedish krona | SEK | kr | 2.0% | 2.2% | 0.2pp |
12 | South Korean won | KRW | ₩ / 원 | 2.0% | 1.9% | 0.1pp |
13 | Norwegian krone | NOK | kr | 1.8% | 1.7% | 0.1pp |
14 | New Zealand dollar | NZD | NZ$ | 2.1% | 1.7% | 0.4pp |
15 | Indian rupee | INR | ₹ | 1.7% | 1.6% | 0.1pp |
16 | Mexican peso | MXN | MX$ | 1.7% | 1.5% | 0.2pp |
17 | New Taiwan dollar | TWD | NT$ | 0.9% | 1.1% | 0.2pp |
18 | South African rand | ZAR | R | 1.1% | 1.0% | 0.1pp |
19 | Brazilian real | BRL | R$ | 1.1% | 0.9% | 0.2pp |
20 | Danish krone | DKK | kr | 0.6% | 0.7% | 0.1pp |
21 | Polish złoty | PLN | zł | 0.6% | 0.7% | 0.1pp |
22 | Thai baht | THB | ฿ | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.1pp |
23 | Israeli new shekel | ILS | ₪ | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.1pp |
24 | Indonesian rupiah | IDR | Rp | 0.4% | 0.4% | |
25 | Czech koruna | CZK | Kč | 0.4% | 0.4% | |
26 | UAE dirham | AED | د.إ | 0.2% | 0.4% | 0.2pp |
27 | Turkish lira | TRY | ₺ | 1.1% | 0.4% | 0.7pp |
28 | Hungarian forint | HUF | Ft | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.1pp |
29 | Chilean peso | CLP | CLP$ | 0.3% | 0.3% | |
30 | Saudi riyal | SAR | ﷼ | 0.2% | 0.2% | |
31 | Philippine peso | PHP | ₱ | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.1pp |
32 | Malaysian ringgit | MYR | RM | 0.2% | 0.2% | |
33 | Colombian peso | COP | COL$ | 0.2% | 0.2% | |
34 | Russian ruble | RUB | ₽ | 1.1% | 0.2% | 0.9pp |
35 | Romanian leu | RON | L | 0.1% | 0.1% | |
36 | Peruvian sol | PEN | S/ | 0.1% | 0.1% | |
37 | Bahraini dinar | BHD | .د.ب | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
38 | Bulgarian lev | BGN | BGN | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
39 | Argentine peso | ARS | ARG$ | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.1pp |
… | Other | 1.8% | 2.3% | 0.5pp | ||
Total[a] | 200.0% | 200.0% |
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