Back Rawalpindi Afrikaans راولبندي Arabic راولبندى ARZ रावलपिंडी AWA Ravalpindi Azerbaijani راولپندی AZB Равалпіндзі Byelorussian Равалпинди Bulgarian রাওয়ালপিন্ডি Bengali/Bangla Rawalpindi Breton

Rawalpindi

For the district, see Rawalpindi District. For other uses, see Rawalpindi (disambiguation).

Rawalpindi
راولپنڈی
Metropolis
From top, left to right: Rawal Lake, Gulshan Dadan Khan Mosque, Bahria Town, Rawat Fort, Christ Church, Rawalpindi Railway Station
From top, left to right:

Rawal Lake, Gulshan Dadan Khan Mosque, Bahria Town, Rawat Fort, Christ Church, Rawalpindi Railway Station

Official logo of Rawalpindi
Emblem
Nickname: 
Pindi
Rawalpindi is located in Punjab, Pakistan
Rawalpindi
Rawalpindi
Location in Pakistan
Rawalpindi is located in Pakistan
Rawalpindi
Rawalpindi
Rawalpindi (Pakistan)
Rawalpindi is located in South Asia
Rawalpindi
Rawalpindi
Rawalpindi (South Asia)
Coordinates: 33°36′N 73°02′E / 33.600°N 73.033°E / 33.600; 73.033
Country Pakistan
ProvincePunjab, Pakistan Punjab
DivisionRawalpindi
DistrictRawalpindi
Tehsils8
Union councils38
Municipal status1867 (1867)[1]
Government
 • TypeMetropolitan Corporation
 • MayorNone (Vacant)
 • Deputy MayorNone (Vacant)
 • CommissionerEngineer Abdul Aamir Khattak (BPS-20 PAS)[2]
 • Deputy CommissionerHassan Waqar Cheema (BPS-19 PAS)[3]
 • Regional Police Officer(RPO)Syed Khurram Ali (BPS-20 PSP)
Area
 • City479 km2 (185 sq mi)
 • Metro
311 km2 (120 sq mi)
Elevation
508 m (1,667 ft)
Population
 (2017)[4]
 • City2,098,231
 • Rank4th, Pakistan
 • Density4,400/km2 (11,000/sq mi)
 • Metro
2,098,231
 Rawalpindi Metropolitan
Time zoneUTC+05:00 (PKT)
 • Summer (DST)PKT
Postal code
46000
Area code051
Official LanguagesUrdu, English
Provincial LanguagePunjabi
Native LanguagesPunjabi, others
WebsiteOfficial Website

Rawalpindi (/rɔːlˈpɪndi/; Punjabi, Urdu: راولپنڈی, romanized: Rāwalpinḍī; pronounced [ɾɑːʋəlpɪnɖiː] ⓘ [5]) is a city in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is the fourth most populous city in Pakistan and third most populous in Punjab according to 2017 Census. It is located near the Soan River. Rawalpindi is situated close to Pakistan's capital Islamabad, and the two are jointly known as the "twin cities" because of the social and economic links between them.[6]

Rawalpindi is on the Pothohar Plateau, and remained a small town of little importance up until the 18th century.[7] The Pothohar region was known for its ancient heritage, for instance in the neighbouring city of Taxila, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[8] In 1765, the ruling Gakhars were defeated and the city came under Sikh rule, Rawalpindi from a small regional town became an important city within the Sikh Empire based at Lahore. The city's Babu Mohallah neighbourhood was once home to a community of Jewish traders who had fled Mashhad, Persia, in the 1830s.[9] The city was conquered by the British Raj in 1849, and in the late 19th century became the largest garrison town of the British Indian Army's Northern command as its climate suited the British authorities.[10][11] Britain's army elevated the city from a small town to the third largest city in Punjab by 1921.[10] Following the partition of British India in 1947, the city became home to the headquarters of the Pakistan Army.[12][13]

In 1951, the Rawalpindi conspiracy took place in which leftist army officers conspired to depose the first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan, Liaquat Ali Khan.[14] Rawalpindi later became site of the Liaquat Ali Khan's assassination. On 27 December 2007, Rawalpindi was the site of the assassination of former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto.[10]

Construction of Pakistan's new purpose-built national capital city of Islamabad in 1961 led to greater investment in the city provided by IMF and local banks,[15] as well as a brief stint as the country's capital before the completion of Islamabad.[16] Modern Rawalpindi is socially and economically intertwined with Islamabad, and the greater metropolitan area. The city is also home to numerous suburban housing developments that serve as bedroom-communities for workers in Islamabad.[17][18] As home to the GHQ of the Pakistan Army and PAF Base Nur Khan, and with connections to the M-1 and M-2 motorways, Rawalpindi is a major logistics and transportation centre for northern Pakistan.[19] The city is also home to historic havelis and temples, and serves as a hub for tourists visiting Rohtas Fort, Azad Kashmir, Taxila and Gilgit-Baltistan.[20][21][22]

  1. ^ "Rawalpindi". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 5 February 2022.
  2. ^ "Rawalpindi to get 'Business Facilitation Centre' soon". Dawn (newspaper). 18 December 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  3. ^ "Rawalpindi admin gears up for Feb 8 elections". Dawn (newspaper). 17 December 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  4. ^ "Provisional Summary Results of 6th Population and Housing Census-2017". pbs.gov.pk. Archived from the original on 10 January 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  5. ^ "Rawalpindi | Meaning of Rawalpindi by Lexico". Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
  6. ^ "Population size and growth of major cities" (PDF). Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
  7. ^ Padishah, Nur al-Din Muhammad Jahangir (1968). Tuzk-e Jahangiri (in Urdu). Majlis-e Taraqqi-e Adab.
  8. ^ "Rawalpindi: History behind a bustling city". 26 August 2012. Archived from the original on 23 June 2016. Retrieved 24 September 2016.
  9. ^ "The lost Jewish history of Rawalpindi". The Express Tribune. 23 February 2016. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
  10. ^ a b c Mazumder, Rajit K. (2003). The Indian Army and the Making of Punjab. Orient Blackswan. ISBN 978-81-7824-059-6.
  11. ^ "Rawalpindi: History behind a bustling city". Archived from the original on 23 June 2016. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  12. ^ Junaidi, Ikram (23 October 2015). "What is being built on GHQ land?". www.dawn.com. Archived from the original on 7 November 2019. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  13. ^ "The lost Jewish history of Rawalpindi". Archived from the original on 24 February 2016. Retrieved 24 September 2016.
  14. ^ Cite error: The named reference burki was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  15. ^ "International Monetary Fund - Homepage". IMF. Retrieved 2 November 2022.
  16. ^ Planet, Lonely. "History of Islamabad & Rawalpindi – Lonely Planet Travel Information". www.lonelyplanet.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  17. ^ Abbasi, Aamir Yasin | Kashif (8 July 2015). "Rawalpindi-Islamabad metro bus project not waterproof". www.dawn.com. Archived from the original on 14 May 2016. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  18. ^ "Furniture". Scribd. Archived from the original on 25 September 2016. Retrieved 24 September 2016.
  19. ^ "New Islamabad Airport: 'Faulty' airport design stirs Senate debate – The Express Tribune". The Express Tribune. 18 June 2016. Archived from the original on 18 June 2016. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  20. ^ Kalhoro, Zulfiqar Ali (13 June 2015). "The havelis of Potohar: Pakistan's opportunity to promote heritage tourism". www.dawn.com. Archived from the original on 9 June 2016. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  21. ^ Reporter, A (20 March 2013). "NCA to document Potohar history". www.dawn.com. Archived from the original on 5 August 2016. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
  22. ^ Shamil, Taimur (16 October 2015). "The temples of Rawalpindi: Old wisdom in a new world". Archived from the original on 26 September 2016. Retrieved 24 September 2016.

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