Regime change

Regime change is the partly forcible or coercive replacement of one government regime with another. Regime change may replace all or part of the state's most critical leadership system, administrative apparatus, or bureaucracy. Regime change may occur through domestic processes, such as revolution, coup, or reconstruction of government following state failure or civil war.^[1] It can also be imposed on a country by foreign actors through invasion, overt or covert interventions, or coercive diplomacy.^[2]^[3] Regime change may entail the construction of new institutions, the restoration of old institutions, and the promotion of new ideologies.^[2]

According to a dataset by Alexander Downes, 120 leaders were removed through foreign-imposed regime change between 1816 and 2011.^[2]

^ Hale, Henry E. (2013-05-10). "Regime Change Cascades: What We Have Learned from the 1848 Revolutions to the 2011 Arab Uprisings". Annual Review of Political Science. 16 (1): 331–353. doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-032211-212204. ISSN 1094-2939.
^ ^a ^b ^c Downes, Alexander B. (2021). Catastrophic Success: Why Foreign-Imposed Regime Change Goes Wrong. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-1-5017-6115-7.
^ Levin, Dov; Lutmar, Carmela (2020). "Violent Regime Change: Causes and Consequences". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.1954. ISBN 978-0-19-022863-7.

[1] Hale, Henry E. (2013-05-10). "Regime Change Cascades: What We Have Learned from the 1848 Revolutions to the 2011 Arab Uprisings". Annual Review of Political Science. 16 (1): 331–353. doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-032211-212204. ISSN 1094-2939.

[:0-2] Downes, Alexander B. (2021). Catastrophic Success: Why Foreign-Imposed Regime Change Goes Wrong. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-1-5017-6115-7.

[3] Levin, Dov; Lutmar, Carmela (2020). "Violent Regime Change: Causes and Consequences". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.1954. ISBN 978-0-19-022863-7.

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