Volcanism

Video of material being erupted from a body, in this case Earth, and which in this case is ejected into the air. Eventually the material erupted forms a vertical plume because of its buoyancy in the Earth’s atmosphere

Volcanism, vulcanism, volcanicity, or volcanic activity is the phenomenon where solids, liquids, gases, and their mixtures erupt to the surface of a solid-surface astronomical body, for example planets, moons, asteroids and comets.^[1] It is caused by the presence of a heat source inside the body. This internal heat partially melts solid material in the body or turns material into gas. The mobilized material rises through the body's interior and then, if conditions are right, the mobile material breaks through the solid surface.^[2]^[3]

^ Xiao, Long; Huang, Jun; Xiao, Zhiyong; Qi, Chao; Qian, Yuqi (August 14, 2023). "Volcanism in the Solar System". Science China Earth Sciences. 66 (11): 2419–2440. Bibcode:2023ScChD..66.2419X. doi:10.1007/s11430-022-1085-y.
^ "Volcanoes on Earth and beyond". Universe Space Tech. 27 October 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-17.
^ Melosh, H. Jay (2011). "Volcanism". Planetary Surface Processes. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511977848.006.

[:0-1] Xiao, Long; Huang, Jun; Xiao, Zhiyong; Qi, Chao; Qian, Yuqi (August 14, 2023). "Volcanism in the Solar System". Science China Earth Sciences. 66 (11): 2419–2440. Bibcode:2023ScChD..66.2419X. doi:10.1007/s11430-022-1085-y.

[2] "Volcanoes on Earth and beyond". Universe Space Tech. 27 October 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-17.

[:2-3] Melosh, H. Jay (2011). "Volcanism". Planetary Surface Processes. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511977848.006.

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