Constance Markievicz

Constance Markievicz
Markievicz in her Irish Citizen Army uniform
Minister for Labour
In office April 1919 – January 1922
Preceded by	New office
Succeeded by	Joseph McGrath
Teachta Dála
In office August 1923 – 15 July 1927
In office May 1921 – June 1922
Constituency	Dublin South
In office December 1918 – May 1921
Constituency	Dublin St Patrick's
Member of Parliament
In office 28 December 1918 – 15 November 1922
Preceded by	William Field
Succeeded by	Constituency abolished
Constituency	Dublin St Patrick's
Personal details
Born	Constance Georgine Gore-Booth (1868-02-04)4 February 1868 London, England
Died	15 July 1927(1927-07-15) (aged 59) Dublin, Ireland
Resting place	Glasnevin Cemetery, Dublin, Ireland
Political party	Fianna Fáil (1926–1927) Sinn Féin (1908–1926)
Spouse	Casimir Markievicz (m. 1900)
Relations	Eva Gore-Booth (Sister)
Children	Maeve Markievicz (1901–1962)
Parents	Sir Henry Gore-Booth Georgina Hill
Military service
Allegiance	Irish Republican Brotherhood Irish Citizen Army Irish Republican Army Cumann na mBan
Years of service	1913–1923
Rank	Lieutenant[1]
Battles/wars	Dublin Lockout Easter Rising Irish War of Independence Irish Civil War

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Constance Georgine Markievicz (Polish: Markiewicz [marˈkʲɛvitʂ]; née Gore-Booth; 4 February 1868 – 15 July 1927), also known as Countess Markievicz and Madame Markievicz,^[2] was an Irish politician, revolutionary, nationalist, suffragist, socialist, and the first woman elected to the Westminster Parliament. She was elected Minister for Labour in the First Dáil, becoming the second female cabinet minister in Europe. She served as a Teachta Dála for the Dublin South constituency from 1921 to 1922 and 1923 to 1927. She was a Member of Parliament (MP) for Dublin St Patrick's from 1918 to 1922.

A founding member of Fianna Éireann, Cumann na mBan and the Irish Citizen Army, she took part in the Easter Rising in 1916, when Irish republicans attempted to end British rule and establish an Irish Republic. She was sentenced to death but her sentence was commuted to life imprisonment^[3] on the grounds of her sex. On 28 December 1918, she was the first woman elected to the UK House of Commons,^[4] though, being in Holloway Prison at the time and in accordance with party policy, she did not take her seat. Instead, she and the other Sinn Féin MPs (as TDs) formed the first Dáil Éireann. She was also one of the first women in the world to hold a cabinet position, as Minister for Labour, from 1919 to 1922.^[a]

Markievicz supported the anti-Treaty side in the Irish Civil War. She continued as an (abstentionist) Dáil member for Sinn Féin until 1926 when she became a founding member of Fianna Fáil. She died in 1927.

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