Courland Governorate

Courland Governorate
  • Курляндская губерния (Russian)
  • Kurzemes guberņa (Latvian)
  • Kurländisches Gouvernement (German)
Governorate of the Russian Empire
1795–1918

Location in the Russian Empire
CapitalMitau
Population 
• 1897
674,034
History 
• Partition of Poland
28 March 1795
1918
• Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
1918

Subdivisions or uyezds of Courland Governorate
Political subdivisions9
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Duchy of Courland and Semigallia
Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (1918)
Today part ofLatvia
Lithuania

Courland Governorate,[a] also known as the Province of Courland or Governorate of Kurland,[1][2] and known from 1795 to 1796 as the Viceroyalty of Courland,[b] was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) and one of the Baltic governorates of the Russian Empire. Its area roughly corresponded to parts of modern-day Latvia.

German and Russian map of the Courland Governorate

The governorate was created in 1795 out of the territory of the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, which was incorporated into the Russian Empire as the Viceroyalty of Courland with its capital at Mitau (now Jelgava) following the third partition of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

After a failed post-World War I attempt to create a United Baltic Duchy as a client state of the German Empire, Courland and Livonia were united to form the Republic of Latvia on 18 November 1918.


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