Energy in Ukraine

Energy in Ukraine is mainly from gas and nuclear, followed by oil and coal.^[1] Ukraine has a diversified energy mix, and no fuel takes up more than a third of the country’s energy sources. The coal industry has been disrupted by conflict.^[2] Most gas and oil is imported, but since 2015 energy policy has prioritised diversifying energy supply.^[1]

About half of electricity generation is nuclear and a quarter coal.^[1] The largest nuclear power plant in Europe, the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant, is located in Ukraine. Fossil fuel subsidies were USD 1.6 billion in 2021.^[3] Until the 2010s all of Ukraine's nuclear fuel came from Russia, but now most does not.^[4]

Ukraine’s gas network has a lot of storage, which can be useful for storing Europe’s gas to even out supply and demand,^[5] and it formerly transited a lot of Russian natural gas to Europe but that agreement ends at the end of 2024.^[6] Some energy infrastructure was destroyed in the Russo-Ukrainian War,^[7]^[8] but wind farms and solar power are thought to be resilient because they are distributed.^[9] An energy strategy to 2050 was adopted in 2023 but has not yet been published.^[10]

^ ^a ^b ^c "Ukraine - Countries & Regions". IEA. Retrieved 2022-02-27.
^ "The paradox threatening Ukraine's post-coal future". openDemocracy. Retrieved 2022-02-27.
^ "Review of energy subsidies in the context of energy sector reforms in Ukraine".
^ "Westinghouse and Ukraine's Energoatom Extend Long-term Nuclear Fuel Contract". 11 April 2014. Westinghouse. Archived from the original on 11 April 2014. Retrieved 15 April 2014.
^ "Natural gas prices are rising after Russia attacked Ukrainian storage tanks". Quartz. 2024-04-11. Retrieved 2024-04-11.
^ Walker, Laurence (2024-04-09). "Russia may target gas system if transit ends – Eustream". MONTEL. Retrieved 2024-04-11.
^ Lock, Samantha (2022-02-27). "Russia-Ukraine latest news: missile strikes on oil facilities reported as some Russian banks cut off from Swift system – live". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2022-02-27.
^ Taylor, Kira (2022-02-26). "Ukraine's energy system coping but risks major damage as war continues". www.euractiv.com. Retrieved 2022-02-27.
^ Cite error: The named reference :2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "Resilient and renewable - modelling Ukraine's energy system". Instrat. Retrieved 2024-05-09.

[:0-1] "Ukraine - Countries & Regions". IEA. Retrieved 2022-02-27.

[2] "The paradox threatening Ukraine's post-coal future". openDemocracy. Retrieved 2022-02-27.

[3] "Review of energy subsidies in the context of energy sector reforms in Ukraine".

[:1-4] "Westinghouse and Ukraine's Energoatom Extend Long-term Nuclear Fuel Contract". 11 April 2014. Westinghouse. Archived from the original on 11 April 2014. Retrieved 15 April 2014.

[5] "Natural gas prices are rising after Russia attacked Ukrainian storage tanks". Quartz. 2024-04-11. Retrieved 2024-04-11.

[6] Walker, Laurence (2024-04-09). "Russia may target gas system if transit ends – Eustream". MONTEL. Retrieved 2024-04-11.

[7] Lock, Samantha (2022-02-27). "Russia-Ukraine latest news: missile strikes on oil facilities reported as some Russian banks cut off from Swift system – live". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2022-02-27.

[8] Taylor, Kira (2022-02-26). "Ukraine's energy system coping but risks major damage as war continues". www.euractiv.com. Retrieved 2022-02-27.

[:2-9] Cite error: The named reference :2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[10] "Resilient and renewable - modelling Ukraine's energy system". Instrat. Retrieved 2024-05-09.

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