Ivan Mazepa

Ivan Mazepa
Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host
Ivan Mazepa Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host
Іван Мазепа
Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host
	In office; 25 July 1687 – 11 November 1708
Preceded by	Ivan Samoylovych
Succeeded by	Ivan Skoropadsky; Pylyp Orlyk (hetman in exile);
Personal details
Born	30 March 1639 (NS); Bila Tserkva, Kiev Voivodeship, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Died	2 October 1709 (aged 70) (NS); Bender (Tighina), Principality of Moldavia
Nationality	Ukrainian
Spouse	Hanna Polovets (1642–1704)
Signature

Ivan Stepanovych Mazepa^[a] (Ukrainian: Іван Степанович Мазепа; Polish: Iwan Mazepa Kołodyński; 30 March [O.S. 20 March] 1639 – 2 October [O.S. 21 September] 1709)^[2] was a Ukrainian military, political, and civic leader who served as the Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host and the Left-bank Ukraine in 1687–1708. The historical events of Mazepa's life have inspired many literary, artistic and musical works. He was famous as a patron of the arts.

Mazepa played an important role in the Battle of Poltava (1709), where after learning that Tsar Peter I intended to relieve him as acting Hetman (military leader) of Zaporozhian Host (a Cossack state) and to replace him with Alexander Menshikov, he defected from his army and sided with King Charles XII of Sweden. The political consequences and interpretation of this defection have resonated in the national histories both of Russia and of Ukraine.

The Russian Orthodox Church laid an anathema (excommunication) on Mazepa's name in 1708 and still refuses to revoke it. The anathema was not recognized by the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, which considers it uncanonical and imposed with political motives as a means of political and ideological repression, with no religious, theological or canonical reasons.^[3]

Pro-independence and anti-Russian elements in Ukraine from the 18th century onwards were derogatorily referred to as Mazepintsy (Russian: Мазепинцы, lit. 'Mazepists').^[4]^[5] The alienation of Mazepa from Ukrainian historiography continued during the Soviet period, but post-1991 in independent Ukraine Mazepa's image has been gradually rehabilitated.^{[citation needed]}

The Ukrainian corvette Hetman Ivan Mazepa of the Ukrainian Navy is named after him.^[6]

^ "Ivan Mazepa". Encyclopædia Britannica. 4 September 2018. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
^ Ivan Katchanovski; Kohut, Zenon Eugene; Nebesio, Bohdan Y.; Yurkevich, Myroslav (2013). Historical Dictionary of Ukraine. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0810878457.
^ ""Ukraine has always been the canonical territory of the Ecumenical Patriarchate"". ECUMENICAL PATRIARCHATE PERMANENT DELEGATION TO THE WORLD COUNCIL OF CHURCHES. 20 September 2018. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
^ Magocsi, Paul Robert (1996). History of Ukraine: The Land and Its Peoples (2 ed.). Toronto: University of Toronto Press (published 2010). ISBN 9781442698796. Retrieved 21 March 2017. The terms mazepintsi (Mazepaites) and mazepinstvo (Mazepaism) came to be used in imperial Russian, Soviet Marxist, and even post Communist Russian discourse as synonyms of treachery toward the state and opportunistic separatism.
^ Compare: Lew, Khristina (28 January 1996). "Ukraine's Navy, despite difficulties, forges ahead with media center" (PDF). The Ukrainian Weekly. 4. Vol. 64. Jersey City, New Jersey: Ukrainian National Association Inc. p. 2. ISSN 0273-9348. Retrieved 21 March 2017. '[...] Sevastopil TV and Radio are fond of running interviews with BSF seamen calling Ukrainian Navy personnel "nationalists, Banderites and Mazepivtsi."'
^ Cite error: The named reference namedMazepa5862022 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

[1] "Ivan Mazepa". Encyclopædia Britannica. 4 September 2018. Retrieved 5 January 2018.

[vitaldates-3] Ivan Katchanovski; Kohut, Zenon Eugene; Nebesio, Bohdan Y.; Yurkevich, Myroslav (2013). Historical Dictionary of Ukraine. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0810878457.

[4] ""Ukraine has always been the canonical territory of the Ecumenical Patriarchate"". ECUMENICAL PATRIARCHATE PERMANENT DELEGATION TO THE WORLD COUNCIL OF CHURCHES. 20 September 2018. Retrieved 2 May 2022.

[5] Magocsi, Paul Robert (1996). History of Ukraine: The Land and Its Peoples (2 ed.). Toronto: University of Toronto Press (published 2010). ISBN 9781442698796. Retrieved 21 March 2017. The terms mazepintsi (Mazepaites) and mazepinstvo (Mazepaism) came to be used in imperial Russian, Soviet Marxist, and even post Communist Russian discourse as synonyms of treachery toward the state and opportunistic separatism.

[6] Compare: Lew, Khristina (28 January 1996). "Ukraine's Navy, despite difficulties, forges ahead with media center" (PDF). The Ukrainian Weekly. 4. Vol. 64. Jersey City, New Jersey: Ukrainian National Association Inc. p. 2. ISSN 0273-9348. Retrieved 21 March 2017. '[...] Sevastopil TV and Radio are fond of running interviews with BSF seamen calling Ukrainian Navy personnel "nationalists, Banderites and Mazepivtsi."'

[namedMazepa5862022-7] Cite error: The named reference namedMazepa5862022 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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Ivan Mazepa Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host
Іван Мазепа


Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host
In office 25 July 1687 – 11 November 1708
Preceded by	Ivan Samoylovych
Succeeded by	Ivan Skoropadsky Pylyp Orlyk (hetman in exile)

Personal details
Born	30 March 1639 (NS) Bila Tserkva, Kiev Voivodeship, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Died	2 October 1709(1709-10-02) (aged 70) (NS) Bender (Tighina), Principality of Moldavia
Nationality	Ukrainian
Spouse	Hanna Polovets (1642–1704)
Signature