Amintore Fanfani

Senator for life Amintore Fanfani
Fanfani in 1983
Prime Minister of Italy
In office 18 April 1987 – 29 July 1987
President	Francesco Cossiga
Preceded by	Bettino Craxi
Succeeded by	Giovanni Goria
In office 1 December 1982 – 4 August 1983
President	Sandro Pertini
Preceded by	Giovanni Spadolini
Succeeded by	Bettino Craxi
In office 27 July 1960 – 22 June 1963
President	Giovanni Gronchi Antonio Segni
Deputy	Attilio Piccioni
Preceded by	Fernando Tambroni
Succeeded by	Giovanni Leone
In office 2 July 1958 – 16 February 1959
President	Giovanni Gronchi
Deputy	Antonio Segni
Preceded by	Adone Zoli
Succeeded by	Antonio Segni
In office 19 January 1954 – 10 February 1954
President	Luigi Einaudi
Preceded by	Giuseppe Pella
Succeeded by	Mario Scelba
Acting President of Italy
In office 15 June 1978 – 9 July 1978
Prime Minister	Giulio Andreotti
Preceded by	Giovanni Leone
Succeeded by	Sandro Pertini
President of the Senate of the Republic
In office 9 July 1985 – 17 April 1987
Preceded by	Francesco Cossiga
Succeeded by	Giovanni Malagodi
In office 5 July 1976 – 1 December 1982
Preceded by	Giovanni Spagnolli
Succeeded by	Tommaso Morlino
In office 5 June 1968 – 26 June 1973
Preceded by	Ennio Zelioli-Lanzini
Succeeded by	Giovanni Spagnolli
Ministerial offices Minister of the Budget In office 13 April 1988 – 23 July 1989 Prime Minister Ciriaco De Mita Preceded by Emilio Colombo Succeeded by Paolo Cirino Pomicino Minister of the Interior In office 29 July 1987 – 13 April 1988 Prime Minister Giovanni Goria Preceded by Oscar Luigi Scalfaro Succeeded by Antonio Gava In office 16 July 1953 – 19 January 1954 Prime Minister Alcide De Gasperi Giuseppe Pella Preceded by Mario Scelba Succeeded by Giulio Andreotti Minister of Foreign Affairs In office 24 February 1966 – 25 June 1968 Prime Minister Aldo Moro Preceded by Aldo Moro Succeeded by Giuseppe Medici In office 5 March 1965 – 30 December 1965 Prime Minister Aldo Moro Preceded by Aldo Moro Succeeded by Aldo Moro In office 2 July 1958 – 16 February 1959 Prime Minister Himself Preceded by Giuseppe Pella Succeeded by Giuseppe Pella Minister of Agriculture In office 26 July 1951 – 16 July 1953 Prime Minister Alcide De Gasperi Preceded by Antonio Segni Succeeded by Rocco Salomone Minister of Labour In office 1 June 1947 – 27 January 1950 Prime Minister Alcide De Gasperi Preceded by Giuseppe Romita Succeeded by Achille Marazza
Party political offices Secretary of the Christian Democracy In office 17 June 1973 – 25 July 1975 Preceded by Arnaldo Forlani Succeeded by Benigno Zaccagnini In office 16 July 1954 – 31 January 1959 Preceded by Alcide De Gasperi Succeeded by Aldo Moro
Parliamentary offices Member of the Senate of the Republic Life tenure 10 March 1972 – 20 November 1999 Appointed by Giovanni Leone In office 5 June 1968 – 9 March 1972 Constituency Arezzo Member of the Chamber of Deputies In office 8 May 1948 – 4 June 1968 Constituency Siena–Arezzo–Grosseto Member of the Constituent Assembly In office 25 June 1946 – 31 January 1948 Constituency Siena–Arezzo–Grosseto
Personal details
Born	(1908-02-06)6 February 1908 Pieve Santo Stefano, Tuscany, Kingdom of Italy
Died	20 November 1999(1999-11-20) (aged 91) Rome, Lazio, Italy
Political party	National Fascist Party (1935–1943) Christian Democracy (1943–1994) Italian People's Party (1994–1999)
Height	1.63 m (5 ft 4 in)[1]
Spouses	Biancarosa Provasoli ​ ​ (m. 1939; died 1968)​ Maria Pia Tavazzani ​ (m. 1975)​
Children	7
Alma mater	Catholic University of the Sacred Heart
Occupation	Politician economist

Amintore Fanfani (Italian pronunciation: [aˈmintore faɱˈfaːni]; 6 February 1908 – 20 November 1999)^[2] was an Italian politician and statesman, who served as 32nd prime minister of Italy for five separate terms. He was one of the best-known Italian politicians after the Second World War and a historical figure of the left-wing faction of Christian Democracy.^[3] He is also considered one of the founders of the modern Italian centre-left.^[4]

Beginning as a protégé of Alcide De Gasperi, Fanfani achieved cabinet rank at a young age and occupied all the major offices of state over the course of a forty-year political career. In foreign policy, he was one of the most vocal supporters of European integration and established closer relations with the Arab world.^[5] In domestic policy, he was known for his cooperation with the Italian Socialist Party, which brought to an alliance that radically changed the country, by such measures as the nationalization of Enel, the extension of compulsory education, and the introduction of a more progressive tax system.^[6]

Fanfani served in numerous ministerial positions, including Minister of the Interior, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Labour, Minister of Agriculture and Minister of Budget and Economic Planning. He served also as President of the Italian Senate for three terms between 1968 and 1987. He was appointed senator for life in 1972. Six years later, after the resignation of Giovanni Leone, he provisionally assumed the functions of President of the Republic as chairman of the upper house of the Italian Parliament, until the election of Sandro Pertini. Despite his long political experience and personal prestige, Fanfani never succeeded in being elected head of state.

Fanfani and the long-time liberal leader Giovanni Giolitti still hold the record as the only statesmen to have served as prime minister of Italy in five non-consecutive periods of office. He was sometimes nicknamed Cavallo di Razza ("Purebred Horse"),^[7] thanks to his innate political ability; however, his detractors simply called him "Pony" due to his small size.^[8]