Back Aartshertog Frans Ferdinand van Oostenryk-Este Afrikaans फ़्रान्ज़ फर्डिनान्ड ANP فرانتس فرديناند Arabic فرانس فرديناند ARZ Franz Ferdinand (archiduque) AST फ्रान्ज फर्डिनान्ड AWA Frans Ferdinand Azerbaijani آرشیدوک فرانتس فردیناند AZB Франц Фердинанд Bashkir Archiduke Franz Ferdinand nin Austria BCL
| Archduke Franz Ferdinand | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Archduke of Austria-Este | |||||
 Franz Ferdinand c. 1914 | |||||
| Born | Franz Ferdinand Carl Ludwig Joseph Maria 18 December 1863 Graz, Duchy of Styria, Austrian Empire | ||||
| Died | 28 June 1914 (aged 50) Sarajevo, Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Austria-Hungary | ||||
| Burial | 4 July 1914 | ||||
| Spouse | [1] | ||||
| Issue | |||||
| |||||
| House | Habsburg-Lorraine | ||||
| Father | Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria | ||||
| Mother | Princess Maria Annunciata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies | ||||
| Occupation | Archduke of Austria | ||||
| Signature |  | ||||
Archduke Franz Ferdinand Carl Ludwig Joseph Maria of Austria[a] (18 December 1863 – 28 June 1914) was the heir presumptive to the throne of Austria-Hungary.[2] His assassination in Sarajevo was the most immediate cause of World War I.
Franz Ferdinand was the eldest son of Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria, the younger brother of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria. Following the death of Crown Prince Rudolf in 1889 and the death of Karl Ludwig in 1896, Franz Ferdinand became the heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne. His courtship of Sophie Chotek, a lady-in-waiting, caused conflict within the imperial household, and their morganatic marriage in 1900 was only allowed after he renounced his descendants' rights to the throne. Franz Ferdinand held significant influence over the military, and in 1913 he was appointed inspector general of the Austro-Hungarian armed forces.
On 28 June 1914, Franz Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated in Sarajevo by the 19-year-old Gavrilo Princip, a member of Young Bosnia. Franz Ferdinand's assassination led to the July Crisis and precipitated Austria-Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia, which in turn triggered a series of events that eventually led – four weeks after his death – to Austria-Hungary's allies and Serbia's allies declaring war on each other, starting World War I.[3][4][5]
- ^ Albertini, Luigi (1953). Origins of the War of 1914. Vol. II. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 38. OCLC 168712.
- ^ Brook-Shepherd, Gordon (1987). Royal Sunset: The European Dynasties and the Great War. Doubleday. p. 139. ISBN 978-0-385-19849-3.
- ^ Marshall, S. L. A. (2001). World War I. Mariner Books. p. 1. ISBN 0-618-05686-6.
- ^ Keegan, John (2000). The First World War. Vintage. p. 48. ISBN 0-375-70045-5.
- ^ Johnson, Lonnie (1989). Introducing Austria: A Short History. Studies in Austrian Literature, Culture, and Thought. Ariadne Press. pp. 52–54. ISBN 0-929497-03-1.
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